Table 3.

Association between nipple-areola complex ischemia necrosis and risk factors by the logistic regression (n = 441)

Univariate logistic regression
	Nipple-areola complex ischemia necrosis			Nipple-areola complex ischemia necrosis or skin flap necrosis
	Odds ratio	95% CI	p-value	Odds ratio	95% CI	p-value
Skin incision
Upper outer oblique	1	-	-	1	-	-
Peri-areolar	3.81	1.42–10.98	< 0.01	1.71	0.80–3.67	0.17
Single axillary	1.03	0.36–2.92	0.96	0.47	0.22–1.03	0.06
Infra-mammary + axillary	-	-	0.99	-	-	0.99
Age	1.04	1.01–1.07	0.01	1.02	1.00–1.05	0.10
Specimen
< 180	1	-	-	1	-	-
180–320	1.63	0.44–5.95	0.46	2.22	0.63–7.89	0.22
320–450	2.89	0.78–10.68	0.11	3.74	1.04–13.44	0.04
> 450	4.46	1.23–16.24	0.02	6.99	1.98–24.70	< 0.01
Multivariate logistic regression
	Odds ratio	95% CI	p-value	Odds ratio	95% CI	p-value
Skin incision
Upper outer oblique	1	-	-	1	-	-
Peri-areolar	5.33	1.81–15.67	< 0.01	2.30	1.02–5.17	0.04
Single axillary	1.22	0.41–3.60	0.72	0.56	0.25–1.26	0.16
Infra-mammary + axillary	-	-	0.99
Age	1.04	1.01–1.08	0.02	1.02	0.99–1.05	0.21
Specimen
< 180	1	-	-	1	-	-
180–320	1.36	0.36–5.22	0.65	2.15	0.59–7.86	0.25
320–450	2.28	0.58–8.89	0.24	3.45	0.92–12.910	0.07
> 450	4.60	1.20–17.71	0.03	6.99	1.91–25.64	< 0.01