Table 2.
Haematological Outcomes of 87 Children with Sickle Cell Anaemia on Hydroxyurea
| Parameter | Baseline (Before Hydroxyurea) | After Hydroxyurea Initiation (at Enrolment) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical outcomes | |||
| Vaso occlusive crisis (%) | |||
| - Cash | 16 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | - |
| - Insurance | 43 (100.0%) | 1 (2.3%) | < 0.0001 |
| - Projects | 28 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | - |
| Admissions (%) | |||
| - Cash | 16 (100.0%) | 1 (6.3%) | 0.001 |
| - Insurance | 42 (95.3%) | 1 (4.6%) | <0.0001 |
| - Projects | 28 (100.0%) | 2 (4.6%) | 0.001 |
| Blood transfusion (%) | |||
| - Cash | 15 (93.7%) | 4 (26.7%) | 0.002 |
| - Insurance | 42 (81.4%) | 8 (18.6%) | <0.0001 |
| - Projects | 27 (96.4%) | 1 (3.6%) | 0.001 |
| Haematological outcomes | |||
| Haemoglobin g/dl (median [IQR]) | |||
| - Cash | 7.7 [6.7–8.2] | 7.8 [7.5—8.1] | 0.4076 |
| - Insurance | 7.1 [5.9–8.6] | 8.2 [7.4—8.9] | 0.0021 |
| - Projects | 7.0 [6.2— 8.4] | 8.2 [7.1—9.3] | 0.0081 |
| MCV um3(median [IQR]) | |||
| - Cash | 79.8 [75.0–88.9] | 87.7 [81.3–93.3] | 0.1086 |
| - Insurance | 80.2 [74.3–84.6] | 87.5 [82.7–94.9] | 0.0005 |
| - Projects | 79.2 [75.9–89.2] | 86.6 [80.1–94.9] | 0.0162 |
| ANC 109/L (mean+/-SD) | |||
| - Cash | 5.0 [3.8–8.4] | 4.8 [2.6–11.1] | 0.2771 |
| - Insurance | 5.3 [3.2–8.6] | 4.5 [2.9–5.9] | 0.0340 |
| - Projects | 5.2 [3.5–7.2] | 4.1 [2.5–6.1] | 0.0071 |
| Reticulocytes % (mean+/-SD) | |||
| - Cash | 19.8[15.9—28.8] | 9.1[6.9—13.7] | 0.0732 |
| - Insurance | 18.0[14.1—20.7] | 12.3[8.0—16.3] | <0.0001 |
| - Projects | 18.0[16.1—29.5] | 11.7[8.2—16.3] | 0.0001 |
Note: The bolded P values shows the clinical and haematological outcomes that improved after one year use of hydroxyurea.
Abbreviations: Hb, Haemoglobin; MCV, Mean Corpuscular Volume; ANC, Absolute Neutrophil count.