. 2023 Jan 25;11(2):e15575. doi: 10.14814/phy2.15575

TABLE 2.

Cardiorespiratory response during inspiratory pressure threshold loading

		Baseline	First minute	Peak
Time to task failure, min	Female	‐‐	‐‐	11.0 (15.0)
Time to task failure, min	Male	‐‐	‐‐	8.3 (10.9)
Heart rate, beat·min⁻¹ ^a	Female	68 ± 14	80 ± 15	93 ± 25
Heart rate, beat·min⁻¹ ^a	Male	65 ± 12	89 ± 10	90 ± 7
SpO₂, % ^a	Female	98 ± 1	97 ± 1	96 ± 2
SpO₂, % ^a	Male	97 ± 2	97 ± 1	95 ± 3
Dyspnea, 0–10 scale ^a	Female	0.1 ± 0.3	1.4 ± 1.6	7.3 ± 2.4
Dyspnea, 0–10 scale ^a	Male	0 ± 0	1.9 ± 2.5	8.2 ± 2.3
f_b, breath·min⁻¹ ^a	Female	15.0 ± 5.0	16.5 ± 1.5	20.3 ± 4
f_b, breath·min⁻¹ ^a	Male	17.3 ± 4.8	16.0 ± 1.4	17.3 ± 2
T_I, s ^a	Female	2.14 ± 0.71	2.91 ± 0.26	2.30 ± 0.50
T_I, s ^a	Male	2.18 ± 0.62	2.88 ± 0.26	2.77 ± 0.33
T_I/T_TOT ^a	Female	0.51 ± 0.17	0.80 ± 0.06	0.76 ± 0.08
T_I/T_TOT ^a	Male	0.59 ± 0.14	0.76 ± 0.04	0.79 ± 0.05

Note: Values are mean ± SD except for TTF which are presented as median (IQR).

Abbreviations: S_PO₂, peripheral oxyhemoglobin saturation; f_b, breathing frequency; T_I, inspiratory time; IQR, interquartile range; T_TOT, total breath time.

^{^a}

Main effect of time (p < 0.05).