. 2023 Jan 27;102(4):e32765. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032765

Table 3.

Changes in physical performance.

	Group	Changes	P value for within group analysis (effect size)	P value for between group analysis (effect size)
∆ Hip extensor (kgf)	S + E group	−7.34 ± 7.27	<.01^* (−1.01)	.52 (−0.21)
∆ Hip extensor (kgf)	S group	−5.72 ± 8.02	<.01^* (−0.71)	.52 (−0.21)
∆ Hip flexor (kgf)	S + E group	−2.71 ± 6.02	.06 (−0.45)	.84 (−0.07)
∆ Hip flexor (kgf)	S group	−2.16 ± 10.20	.38 (−0.21)	.84 (−0.07)
∆ Hip internal rotator (kgf)	S + E group	−5.00 ± 2.98	<.01^* (−1.68)	.04^* (−0.69)
∆ Hip internal rotator (kgf)	S group	−2.83 ± 3.31	<.01^* (−0.75)	.04^* (−0.69)
∆ Hip external rotator (kgf)	S + E group	−2.27 ± 2.16	<.01^* (−1.05)	.52 (−0.27)
∆ Hip external rotator (kgf)	S group	−1.51 ± 3.32	.07 (−0.46)	.52 (−0.27)
∆ Hip adductor (kgf)	S + E group	−4.18 ± 6.60	<.01^* (−0.63)	.80 (0.08)
∆ Hip adductor (kgf)	S group	−4.77 ± 7.79	.02^* (−0.61)	.80 (0.08)
∆ Hip abductor (kgf)	S + E group	−5.64 ± 6.21	<.01^* (−0.77)	.08 (−0.59)
∆ Hip abductor (kgf)	S group	−2.07 ± 5.98	.16 (−0.35)	.08 (−0.59)
∆ FMS score	S + E group	−3.70 ± 2.02	<.01^* (−1.82)	.21 (0.41)
∆ FMS score	S group	−4.52 ± 2.01	<.01^* (−2.25)	.21 (0.41)
∆ Flexor endurance (s)	S + E group	−60.45 ± 79.56	<.01^* (−0.76)	.11 (−0.55)
∆ Flexor endurance (s)	S group	−24.63 ± 43.37	.03^* (−0.57)	.11 (−0.55)
∆ Extensor endurance (s)	S + E group	−16.00 ± 63.14	.27 (−0.25)	.64 (0.16)
∆ Extensor endurance (s)	S group	−24.92 ± 48.03	.048^* (−0.52)	.64 (0.16)
∆ Side bridge (s)	S + E group	−30.23 ± 31.26	<.01^* (−0.97)	.16 (−0.48)
∆ Side bridge (s)	S group	−17.61 ± 18.87	<.01^* (−0.93)	.16 (−0.48)

Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n unless otherwise indicated.

Negative values represent increases after training for the within-group comparisons and in the S + E group for the between-group comparisons.

FMS = functional movement screen.

P < .05.