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. 2023 Jan 18;2023:1406035. doi: 10.1155/2023/1406035

Table 4.

MICI score by language, content, and source.

MICI item Prevalence Transmission Clinical symptoms Screening testing Treatment/outcomes Total
Videos with information no (%) MICI score mean ± SD Videos with information no (%) MICI score mean ± SD Videos with information no (%) MICI score mean ± SD Videos with information no (%) MICI score mean ± SD Videos with information no (%) MICI score mean ± SD MICI score mean ± SD
Overall 249 (44.3) 0.98 ± 1.5 477 (84.9) 2.13 ± 1.4 352 (62.6) 1.52 ± 1.54 163 (29.0) 0.45 ± 0.84 246 (43.8) 0.68 ± 0.96 5.75 ± 4.35

Languages
p <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
English (n = 75) 32 (42.7) 0.89 ± 1.24 51 (68) 1.71 ± 1.62 38 (50.7) 1.56 ± 1.9 24 (32) 0.64 ± 1.22 42 (56) 0.97 ± 1.09 5.77 ± 4.5
isiZulu (n = 54) 20 (37) 0.44 ± 0.72 43 (79.6) 2.37 ± 1.57 29 (53.7) 1.76 ± 2.04 10 (18.5) 0.31 ± 0.8 15 (27.8) 0.67 ± 1.26 5.56 ± 4.52
isiXhosa (n = 49) 14 (28.6) 0.33 ± 0.55 45 (91.8) 2 ± 1.29 31 (63.3) 1.45 ± 1.39 10 (20.4) 0.37 ± 0.83 6 (12.2) 0.22 ± 0.74 4.37 ± 3.2
Afrikaans (n = 50) 10 (20) 0.22 ± 0.46 45 (90) 2.36 ± 1.06 30 (60) 1.18 ± 1.26 9 (18) 0.38 ± 0.95 20 (40) 0.56 ± 0.79 4.7 ± 2.37
Nigerian pidgin (n = 53) 14 (26.4) 0.36 ± 0.68 42 (79.2) 1.66 ± 1.27 30 (56.6) 1 ± 1.02 4 (7.5) 0.09 ± 0.35 14 (26.4) 0.32 ± 0.58 3.43 ± 2.56
Hausa (n = 40) 40 (100) 2.17 ± 0.81 40 (100) 2.62 ± 0.77 40 (100) 2.85 ± 0.83 40 (100) 1.6 ± 0.5 40 (100) 1.43 ± 0.5 10.68 ± 1.58
Twi (n = 45) 8 (17.8) 0.18 ± 0.39 42 (93.3) 2.11 ± 1.13 18 (40) 1.11 ± 1.53 1 (2.2) 0.02 ± 0.15 4 (8.9) 0.16 ± 0.52 3.58 ± 2.86
Arabic (n = 50) 20 (40) 0.56 ± 0.91 34 (68) 1.5 ± 1.37 32 (64) 1.48 ± 1.5 7 (14) 0.18 ± 0.48 23 (46) 0.56 ± 0.73 4.28 ± 2.96
French (n = 46) 19 (41.3) 0.54 ± 0.78 40 (87) 1.78 ± 1.25 25 (54.3) 1.2 ± 1.24 5 (10.9) 0.28 ± 0.86 17 (37) 0.78 ± 1.19 4.59 ± 3.54
Swahili (n = 50) 22 (44) 0.6 ± 0.81 45 (90) 1.48 ± 0.95 29 (58) 1.36 ± 1.4 3 (6) 0.12 ± 0.52 15 (30) 0.38 ± 0.64 3.94 ± 2.92
Amharic (n = 50) 50 (100) 4.68 ± 1.1 50 (100) 4.06 ± 0.24 50 (100) 1.96 ± 1.44 50 (100) 1.04 ± 0.28 50 (100) 1.36 ± 1.05 13.1 ± 2.95

Content
p <0.001 0.02 <0.001 <0.001 0.004 0.06 0.98 0.98 0.88 0.55
Informative (n = 471) 208 (44.2) 1.02 ± 1.58 424 (90) 2.33 ± 1.35 309 (65.6) 1.59 ± 1.54 136 (28.9) 0.45 ± 0.85 208 (44.2) 0.7 ± 1 6.1 ± 4.42
Misleading (n = 12) 5 (41.7) 0.5 ± 0.67 10 (83.3) 1.83 ± 1.27 5 (41.7) 1 ± 1.35 3 (25) 0.5 ± 0.9 5 (41.7) 0.67 ± 0.89 4.5 ± 4.42
News update (n = 59) 35 (59.3) 1.02 ± 1.04 34 (57.6) 1.05 ± 1.21 31 (52.5) 1.22 ± 1.46 18 (30.5) 0.42 ± 0.72 26 (44.1) 0.53 ± 0.68 4.24 ± 3.3
Personal experience (n = 20) 1 (5) 0.05 ± 0.22 9 (45) 0.6 ± 0.75 7 (35) 0.95 ± 1.64 6 (30) 0.5 ± 0.95 7 (35) 0.55 ± 0.89 2.65 ± 3.36

Source
p 0.06 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.63 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.33 0.08
Independent users (n = 246) 104 (42.3) 0.96 ± 1.56 215 (87.4) 2.26 ± 1.38 156 (63.4) 1.6 ± 1.62 61 (24.8) 0.35 ± 0.72 97 (39.4) 0.65 ± 1.03 5.81 ± 4.68
Government (n = 84) 38 (45.2) 1.51 ± 2.08 78 (92.9) 2.51 ± 1.43 53 (63.1) 1.15 ± 1.17 36 (42.9) 0.57 ± 0.84 38 (45.2) 0.55 ± 0.68 6.3 ± 4.59
News agency (n = 118) 65 (55.1) 1.04 ± 1.18 81 (68.6) 1.44 ± 1.28 67 (56.8) 1.36 ± 1.46 35 (29.7) 0.45 ± 0.77 59 (50) 0.64 ± 0.75 4.94 ± 3.96
Academic institutions/hospitals (n = 93) 33 (35.5) 0.54 ± 0.89 84 (90.3) 2.19 ± 1.34 62 (66.7) 1.82 ± 1.71 26 (28) 0.61 ± 1.16 44 (47.3) 0.92 ± 1.2 6.09 ± 3.84
Medical adverts/for profit companies (n = 21) 9 (42.9) 0.62 ± 1.12 19 (90.5) 2.52 ± 1.33 14 (66.7) 1.62 ± 1.4 5 (23.8) 0.43 ± 0.87 8 (38.1) 0.62 ± 0.92 5.81 ± 3.25