Table 3.
Intervention and time effects on lipoprotein subclass concentration and size parameters.
| LSMEAN (95% CI) | p value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 6 Month | 12 Month | Group | Time | Group × Time | |
| n | ||||||
| DIET | 124 | 107 | 89 | - | - | - |
| DIET+PA150 | 127 | 105 | 88 | - | - | - |
| DIET+PA250 | 123 | 107 | 86 | - | - | - |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 0.216 | <0.0001*** | 0.262 | |||
| DIET | 95.2 (90.6, 99.7) | 89.2 (84.5, 93.9) | 87.9 (83.1, 92.7) | |||
| DIET+PA150 | 98.3 (93.8, 102.9) | 93.6 (88.9, 98.2) | 94.4 (89.4, 99.3) | |||
| DIET+PA250 | 98.9 (94.3, 103.4) | 90.1 (85.4, 94.8) | 93.3 (88.4, 98.2) | |||
| Concentration LDL particles, nmol/L | 0.280 | <0.0001*** | 0.402 | |||
| DIET | 1441.2 (1372.2, 1510.2) | 1334.0 (1263.3, 1404.8) | 1307.3 (1234.8, 1379.8) | |||
| DIET+PA150 | 1496.6 (1428.2, 1565.0) | 1390.8 (1320.2, 1461.5) | 1393.0 (1319.2, 1466.8) | |||
| DIET+PA250 | 1483.2 (1414.5, 1552.0) | 1329.9 (1258.7, 1401.2) | 1369.0 (1295.2, 1442.8) | |||
| LDL-C size, nm | 0.428 | <0.0001*** | 0.951 | |||
| DIET | 20.8 (20.7, 20.9) | 20.9 (20.8, 21.0) | 20.9 (20.8, 21.0) | |||
| DIET+PA150 | 20.8 (20.7, 20.9) | 20.9 (20.8, 21.0) | 21.0 (20.9, 21.1) | |||
| DIET+PA250 | 20.9 (20.7, 21.0) | 20.9 (20.8, 21.0) | 21.0 (20.9, 21.1) | |||
| Concentration small LDL particles, nmol/L | 0.367 | <0.0001*** | 0.623 | |||
| DIET | 851.7 (780.7,922.7) | 724.2 (649.7, 798.7) | 688.0 (609.9, 766.0) | |||
| DIET+PA150 | 851.6 (781.2, 922.0) | 753.6 (679.1, 828.0) | 764.1 (683.8, 844.5) | |||
| DIET+PA250 | 793.2 (722.3, 864.1) | 719.1 (643.8, 794.5) | 693.6 (613.2, 774.1) | |||
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 0.437 | <0.0001*** | 0.159 | |||
| DIET | 50.7 (48.3, 53.1) | 50.2 (47.8, 52.7) | 53.8 (51.3, 56.3) | |||
| DIET+PA150 | 49.7 (47.3, 52.0) | 50.2 (47.8, 52.6) | 55.2 (52.7, 57.7) | |||
| DIET+PA250 | 50.8 (48.5, 53.2) | 52.2 (49.8, 54.7) | 56.7 (54.1, 59.2) | |||
| Concentration HDL particles, μmol/L | 0.007** | <0.0001*** | 0.165 | |||
| DIET | 20.2 (19.6, 20.8) | 19.2 (18.6, 19.9) | 19.9 (19.3, 20.5) | |||
| DIET+PA150 | 20.5 (19.9, 21.1) | 19.8 (19.2, 20.4) | 20.8 (20.1, 21.4) | |||
| DIET+PA250 | 21.0 (20.4, 21.6) | 20.3 (19.6, 20.9) | 21.5 (20.8, 22.1) | |||
| HDL-C size, nm | 0.614 | <0.0001*** | 0.192 | |||
| DIET | 9.00 (8.91, 9.03) | 9.07 (9.01, 9.14) | 9.15 (9.08, 9.21) | |||
| DIET+PA150 | 8.93 (8.87, 9.00) | 9.04 (9.0, 9.11) | 9.13 (9.06, 9.20) | |||
| DIET+PA250 | 8.91 (8.84, 8.97) | 9.08 (9.01, 9.14) | 9.10 (9.03, 9.17) | |||
| Concentration large HDL particle, μmol/L | 0.820 | <0.0001*** | 0.357 | |||
| DIET | 2.0 (1.7, 2.2) | 2.3 (2.0, 2.5) | 2.7 (2.5, 3.0) | |||
| DIET+PA150 | 1.9 (1.7, 2.2) | 2.3 (2.0, 2.5) | 2.7 (2.4, 2.9) | |||
| DIET+PA250 | 1.8 (1.5, 2.0) | 2.3 (2.0, 2.6) | 2.6 (2.3, 2.9) | |||
| Concentration very large TRLP particle, nmol/L | 0.683 | <0.0001*** | 0.202 | |||
| DIET | 0.16 (0.12, 0.21) | 0.14 (0.09, 0.19) | 0.11 (0.05, 0.16) | |||
| DIET+PA150 | 0.20 (0.16, 0.24) | 0.12 (0.08, 0.17) | 0.12 (0.06, 0.17) | |||
| DIET+PA250 | 0.23 (0.19, 0.28) | 0.11 (0.06, 0.16) | 0.13 (0.07, 0.18) | |||
| Concentration Triglyceride, mg/dL | 0.982 | <0.0001*** | 0.822 | |||
| DIET | 135.8 (125.2, 146.4) | 116.5 (105.6, 127.4) | 111.2 (100.0, 122.5) | |||
| DIET+PA150 | 139.3 (128.8, 149.7) | 115.6 (104.7, 126.5) | 110.8 (99.3, 122.3) | |||
| DIET+PA250 | 138.7 (128.1, 149.2) | 112.3 (101.3, 123.3) | 111.1 (99.6, 122.6) | |||
Values are least square mean (95% confidence interval); All analyses were adjusted for sex and race (white/non-white).
*
p<0.05;
**
p<0.01;
***
p<0.0001