Fig. 7 |. Mann-NC and αOX40 combination elicits strong immune activation with potent anti-tumour effect.

BALB/c mice were inoculated subcutaneously with 1.5 × 10⁵ CT26 cells on day 0 and treated by intra-tumoural administration of Mann-NC and/or αOX40 on days 9, 12 and 15. a, Intra-tumoural frequencies of CD80⁺ CD11c⁺ DCs and CD8α⁺ CD103⁺ CD11c⁺ DCs. b,c, Frequencies of IL-17⁺ CD4⁺ T_H17 cells, Foxp3⁺ CD4⁺ T_reg cells and the corresponding T_H17/T_reg ratio within the TME (b) and tdLNs (c). d,e, Frequencies, tetramer staining and intracellular cytokine profiles of CD8⁺ T cells within the TME (d) and tdLNs (e). f, IFN-γ⁺ ELISPOT analysis of splenocytes after restimulation with AH-1 peptide. g,h, Frequencies and intracellular cytokine profiles of NK cells within the TME (g) and tdLNs (h). i, Intra-tumoural frequencies of CD80⁺ M1- and CD206⁺ M2-like macrophages and the corresponding M1/M2 ratio. j,k, Confocal microscopic images of tumour tissues excised on day 15 and stained with the indicated antibodies. Data represent mean ± s.e.m., from a representative experiment (n = 7 for PBS or 8 for αOX40, Mann-NC and the combination (a–d,f,g,i), n = 5 (e,h,j,k) biologically independent samples) from two (j,k) or three (a–i) independent experiments. ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, analysed by one-way (a–i) ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test. Scale bars, 50 μm (j,k).