Table 1.
Sample characteristics.
| N (%) | Male | Female | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Region | 0.004 | |||
| Northeast | 2352 (14.37) | 1093 | 1259 | |
| East | 5688 (34.75) | 2894 | 2794 | |
| West | 4409 (23.95) | 1911 | 2009 | |
| Central | 3920 (26.94 | 2272 | 2137 | |
| Residency | <0.001 | |||
| Urban | 8569 (47.65) | 4184 | 4385 | |
| Rural | 7800 (52.35) | 3986 | 3814 | |
| Age | 0.039 | |||
| 18–30 | 1873 (11.44) | 923 | 950 | |
| 30–45 | 4678 (28.58) | 2269 | 2409 | |
| >45 | 9818 (59.98) | 4978 | 4840 | |
| Marital status | <0.001 | |||
| Married | 1384 (84.57) | 6821 | 7023 | |
| Unmarried | 2525 (15.43) | 1349 | 1176 | |
| Employment status | ||||
| Unemployed | 3607 (22.04) | 1230 | 2377 | |
| Employed | 1276 (77.69) | 6940 | 5822 | |
| Education | <0.001 | |||
| Primary school | 6295 (38.46) | 2739 | 3556 | |
| Middle school | 4986 (30.46) | 2707 | 2279 | |
| High school | 3946 (24.11) | 2150 | 1796 | |
| College degree or above | 1142 (6.98) | 574 | 568 | |
| Chronic diseases | <0.001 | |||
| No | 1364 (83.36) | 6919 | 6727 | |
| Yes | 2723 (16.64) | 1251 | 1472 | |
| Self-reported health status | <0.001 | |||
| Poor | 4320 (26.39) | 1893 | 2427 | |
| Fair | 7280 (44.47) | 3647 | 3633 | |
| Good | 4769 (29.13) | 2630 | 2139 | |
| Self-evaluated income status | 0.001 | |||
| Low | 1555 (9.5) | 708 | 847 | |
| Low-middle | 2954 (18.05) | 1444 | 1510 | |
| Middle | 8058 (49.23) | 4103 | 3955 | |
| Middle-high | 2149 (13.13) | 1107 | 1042 | |
| High | 1653 (10.1) | 808 | 845 | |
| Smoking | <0.001 | |||
| No | 11,366(69.44) | 3474 | 7892 | |
| Yes | 5003 (30.56) | 4696 | 307 | |
| Alcohol abuse | <0.001 | |||
| No | 13,671(83.52) | 5807 | 7864 | |
| Yes | 2698 (16.48) | 2363 | 335 | |
| Depression status (2018) | <0.001 | |||
| Depression | 3070 (18.75) | 1256 | 1814 | |
| Healthy | 13,299(81.25) | 6918 | 6381 | |
| Depression status (2020) | ||||
| Depression | 3417 (20.87) | 1473 | 1944 | |
| Healthy | 12,952(79.13) | 6697 | 6255 |