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. 2023 Jan 12;13:1099522. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1099522

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Copyright © 2023 Xiong, Sogin and Worobo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination for bacterial community structure based on the relative abundance of 16S ASVs. Community dissimilarity was evaluated with four metrics: Bray–Curtis, Jaccard, weighted UniFrac, and unweighted UniFrac. Arrowed lines (vectors) showing correlation between physicochemical properties and community dissimilarity were plotted for Bray–Curtis and weighted UniFrac metrics. The vectors represented mean direction and strength of correlation. Ellipses indicating confidence intervals of 95% for all honey types were plotted for Jaccard and unweighted UniFrac metrics.