Table 1.
Demographics, immunology, microbiological and diagnostic data for tuberculosis patients categorized by HIV-1 infection status and C4 T-cell counts.
| Variable | Overall (n = 80) | HIV-negative (n = 27) | HIV-positive (n = 53) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Male, n (%) | 55 (68·8) | 22 (81.5) | 33 (61·8) | 0.125* |
| Female, n (%) | 25 (31·3) | 5 (18.5) | 20 (38·1) | |
| Age, yr, median (IQR) | 36·0 (27·0- 44·0) | 27·0 (23 -48·0) | 38·5 (31·0 – 43·8) | 0.016 |
| BMI | ||||
| Median at baseline (IQR), kg/m2 | 19·2 (17·9 – 21·6) | 18.8 (17·7 – 20.6) | 19.4 (18.1 – 22.1) | 0.151 |
|
CD4 T-cell count
Median cells/mm3 (IQR) |
NA | NA | 167·0 (95·5 – 315.5) | |
| Conventional tuberculosis diagnosis, n (%) | ||||
| Auramine smear | ||||
| Smear grade positive‡ | 45 (56.3) | 20 (74.1) | 25 (47.1) | 0.007ψ |
| Smear grade negative | 25 (31.3) | 3 (11.1) | 22 (41.5) | |
| Scanty | 6 (7.5) | 2 (7.4) | 4 (7.5) | |
| Unknown | 4 (5) | 2 (7.4) | 2 (3.8) | |
| + | 13·0 (16.3) | 3 (11.1) | 10·0 (18·9) | |
| ++ | 11·0 (13·8) | 9 (33.3) | 2·0 (3.8) | |
| +++ | 21·0 (26.3) | 8 (29.6) | 13 (24.5) | |
| GeneXpert result § | ||||
| Median GeneXpert cycle threshold (IQR) | 19.9 (13.9 – 24.0) | 16.5 (13.5·0 – 20·9) | 22·3 (14.3 – 26·8) | 0.016 |
| High, n (%) | 23·0 (28.8) | 11·0 (40.7) | 12·0 (22·6) | – |
| Medium, n (%) | 16·0 (20) | 9·0 (33.3) | 7·0 (13.2) | |
| Low, n (%) | 16·0 (20) | 3·0 (11.1) | 13·0 (24.5) | |
| Very low, n (%) | 8·0 (10) | 1·0 (3.7) | 7·0 (13.2) | |
| MTB not detected, n (%) | 12·0 (15) | 1 (3.7) | 11·0 (20.8) | |
| Unknown | 5 (6.3) | 2 (7.4) | 3 (5.7) | |
|
Median MGIT time to positivity
days (IQR) |
6.5 (4·0 – 14·3) | 5·0 (3·0 – 8.0) | 9·0 (4·0 – 17·0) | 0.018 |
| Proportion positive MGIT cultures (%)# | 63 (90) | 22 (96) | 41 (87) | |
BMI = body mass index; IQR = interquartile range; MGIT = mycobacterial growth indicator tube; NA = not applicable.
* Using the Chi-squared test.
‡ Includes scanty, +, ++ and +++.
ψ Using Fishers Exact test (2X2 table).
§ GeneXpert: M· tuberculosis was not detected in five patients.
# 70 MGIT culture results were available, 23 for HIV uninfected and 47 for HIV infected.