. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jan 26.

Published in final edited form as: Multiscale Multimodal Med Imaging (2022). 2022 Oct 12;13594:98–109. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-18814-5_10

Table 1.

The Dice coefficient (DSC), the average number of voxels with negative determinant of Jacobian (# of |J_ϕ| < 0) and the percentage of voxels with negative determinant of Jacobian (%) for affine transformation, SyN, Voxelmorph, ViT-V-Net, and the proposed methods. The results of the initial alignment by the preprocessing steps are also included. Bold numbers indicate the best DSC for each dataset.

	OASIS3			IXI
	DSC	# of \|J_ϕ\| < 0	%	DSC	# of \|J_ϕ\| < 0	%
`Initial`	0.651 ± 0.094	–	0%	0.668 ± 0.107	–	0%
`Affine`	0.725 ± 0.068	–	0%	0.748 ± 0.052	–	0%
`SyN` [2]	0.866 ± 0.029	223	<0.002%	0.845 ± 0.035	613	0.008%
`Voxelmorph` [4]	0.883 ± 0.040	85892	<0.7%	0.842 ± 0.068	21574	<0.3%
`ViT-V-Net` [8]	0.872 ± 0.042	110128	<0.9%	0.845 ± 0.068	21298	<0.2%
`im2grid-Lite`	0.909 ± 0.021	38915	<0.4%	0.870 ± 0.043	14917	<0.2%
`im2grid`	0.908 ± 0.023	11880	<0.1%	0.865 ± 0.050	3235	<0.04%