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. 2023 Jan 11;9:e41973. doi: 10.2196/41973

Table 2.

The relationship between physical activity pattern and Visceral Adiposity Index in adults.

Characteristics Model 1a Model 2b Model 3c

β (95% CI) P value β (95% CI) P value β (95% CI) P value
Inactive Reference N/Ad Reference N/A Reference N/A
Insufficiently active –.291(–0.463 to –0.118) .001 –.212 (–0.374 to –0.049) .01 –.132 (–0.282 to 0.018) .08
Weekend warrior –.535 (–0.830 to –0.239) .001 –.434 (–0.732 to –0.135) .005 –.307 (–0.611 to –0.003) .04
Regularly active –.557 (–0.671 to –0.443) <.001 –.441 (–0.556 to –0.326) <.001 –.354 (–0.467 to –0.241) <.001
Regularly active Reference N/A Reference N/A Reference N/A
Inactive .557 (0.443 to 0.671) <.001 .440 (0.326 to 0.556) <.001 .354 (0.241 to 0.468) <.001
Insufficiently active .266 (0.106 to 0.426) .001 .229 (0.063 to 0.395) .007 .222 (0.060 to 0.385) .008
Weekend warrior .022 (–0.287 to 0.332) .89 .007 (–0.294 to 0.309) .96 .047 (–0.258 to 0.352) .76

aModel 1 was the univariate model in which no covariates were adjusted.

bModel 2 was adjusted for demographic covariates, including gender, age group, race, education level, income level, and marital status.

cModel 3 was additionally adjusted for smoking status, alcoholism, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension.

dN/A: not applicable.