Table. Summary of Cohorts’ Demographic Variables.
| Cohort | Diagnosis | No. of participants | Age, mean (SD), y | Female sex, No. (%) | Duration of illness, median (IQR), y | Inpatient/outpatient | Symptom score, mean (SD) | Scale details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN | SCZ | 170 | 36.9 (11.6) | 90 (53) | 2 (1-8) | Outpatient | 82 (28) | PANSS |
| DE-AT | SCZ | 184 | 39.2 (12.8) | 55 (30) | 11 (5-20) | 54% Inpatient | 56 (18) | PANSS |
| RU | SCZ | 82 | 31.2 (8.4) | 19 (23) | 8 (4-14) | Inpatient | 99 (16) | PANSS |
| DE-AT | BPD | 148 | 43.3 (13.4) | 71 (48) | 10 (4-18) | 32% Inpatient | 12 (11) | BDI |
| 4 (6) | YMRS | |||||||
| RU | BPD | 36 | 28.2 (8.9) | 24 (67) | 5 (4-9) | Inpatient | 20 (6) | HAMD |
| CN | MDD | 222 | 37.7 (12.3) | 132 (59) | 1 (0-5) | Outpatient | 23 (7) | HAMD |
| RU | MDD | 34 | 32.0 (10.3) | 24 (71) | 6 (2-10) | Inpatient | 18 (4) | HAMD |
| CN | Control | 153 | 37.8 (11.3) | 83 (54) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| DE-AT | Control | 187 | 38.3 (16.2) | 106 (57) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| RU | Control | 138 | 29.5 (8.3) | 31 (22) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Abbreviations: BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; BPD, bipolar disorder; CN, China; DE-AT, Germany and Austria; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; MDD, major depressive disorder; NA, not applicable; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; RU, Russia; SCZ, schizophrenia; YMRS, Young Mania Rating Scale.