Table 5.
Factors associated with critical stage of COVID-19.
| Univariate logistic regression | Multivariate logistic regression | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p value* | OR | 95% CI | p value* | |
| Age (> 65 years) | 3.513 | 1.891–6.525 | 0.001 | – | – | – |
| Males | 1.187 | 0.606–2.324 | 0.617 | – | – | – |
| Dyspnea | 2.608 | 1.451–4.690 | 0.001 | – | – | – |
| Chest pain | 2.613 | 1.108–6.165 | 0.028 | 4.964 | 1.158–21.278 | 0.031 |
| Attenuated breathing sound | 1.925 | 1.048–3.534 | 0.035 | 4.703 | 1.601–13.812 | 0.005 |
| Audible cracks diffusely | 1.829 | 1.013–3.302 | 0.045 | 2.467 | 1.006–6.048 | 0.048 |
| Platelet count (< 100 × 109/L) | 6.338 | 1.991–20.179 | 0.002 | 9.608 | 1.255–73.535 | 0.029 |
| White blood cell (> 10 × 109/L) | 1.834 | 0.966–3.481 | 0.064 | – | – | – |
| Lymphocyte (< 0.6 × 109/L) | 3.387 | 1.762–6.570 | 0.001 | – | – | – |
| Albumin (< 30 g/L) | 2.112 | 1.103–4.045 | 0.024 | – | – | – |
| Urea (> 6 mmol/L) | 3.815 | 1.918–7.589 | 0.001 | – | – | – |
| Creatinine (> 100 µmol/L) | 4.103 | 2.251–7.476 | 0.001 | 4.035 | 1.549–10.506 | 0.004 |
| D dimer (> 1.1 µg/mL) | 3.920 | 2.078–7.392 | 0.001 | – | – | – |
| CRP (> 100 mg/L) | 1.811 | 1.013–3.237 | 0.046 | – | – | – |
| PCT (> 1 ng/mL) | 4.409 | 2.049–9.448 | 0.001 | – | – | – |
| IL-1β (> 120 pg/mL) | 2.342 | 1.201–4.567 | 0.012 | – | – | – |
| IL-10 (> 300 pg/mL) | 2.630 | 1.351–5.119 | 0.004 | 3.117 | 1.119–8.105 | 0.020 |
| IL-12 (> 350 pg/mL) | 1.910 | 0.981–3.720 | 0.057 | – | – | – |
| TNF-α (> 65 pg/mL) | 2.029 | 1.030–3.997 | 0.041 | – | – | – |
| Gal-3 (> 5000 pg/mL) | 2.467 | 1.294–4.714 | 0.006 | 2.97 | 1.006–8.764 | 0.049 |
Significant values are in italics.
*p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.