Table 1.
Genes and their encoded products involved in conferring resistance to antifungal drugs in C. auris
| Antifungal drug | Resistance gene | Encoded product | Genetic alterations | Main reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fluconazole | ERG11 | Lanosterol demethylase | VF125AL, Y132F, K143R | [60, 70–72] |
| Upregulation | [60] | |||
| CDR1 | ATP-binding cassette transporter | Upregulation | [73] | |
| TAC1B | Transcription factor | Gain-of-function mutations | [74] | |
| MDR1 | Major facilitator superfamily member | Upregulation | [73, 75] | |
| MRR1 | Transcription factor | Gain-of-function mutations | [75] | |
| YMC1 | Transmembrane transporter | Upregulation | [64] | |
| Amphotericin B | ERG6 | C-24 sterol methyltransferase | Frame shift deletion mutation | [76, 77] |
| ERG2 | C-8 sterol isomerase | G145D | [64] | |
| Echinocandins | FKS1 | 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase-Hotspot-1 | ∆635F, F635L/Y, S639F/Y/P/T, D642Y | [40, 43, 60, 71, 78, 79] |
| 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase-Hotspot-2 | R1354S/H | [43, 79] |