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. 2023 Jan 25;23:63. doi: 10.1186/s12909-023-04033-6

Table 1.

Showing original MERSQI and first Modification of the MERSQI, showing the new items used in Delphi-1

A. Original MERSQI Item Domain B. Modified MERSQI Item
1. Study design Study design 1. Study design
Single group cross-sectional or single group post-test only a. Single group cross-sectional or single group post-test only
Single group pre-test & post-test b. Single group pre-test & post-test
Nonrandomized, 2 groups c. Nonrandomised, 2 groups
Randomized controlled trial d. Randomised controlled trial with high risk biasa
e. Randomised controlled trial with moderate risk biasa
f. Randomised controlled trial with low risk biasa
2. Institutions studied: (Pls. select one) Sampling 1. Is there a power calculation for sample size?
1 2. Are detailed participant characteristics for each arm reported?
2 3. Response rate, %: (Pls. select one)
 > 2
3. Response rate, %: (Pls. select one)
Not applicable a. Not applicable
 < 50 or not reported b. < 50 or not reported
50‐74 c. 50‐74
 > 75 d. > 75
Setting 4. Institutions studied: (Pls. select one)
a. Single centre
b. Multi centre
4. Type of data Type of data 5. Type of data
Assessment by participants Assessment by participants
Objective measurement Objective measurement (Pls. select one)
a. Knowledge test (e.g. recall type questions)
b. Applied knowledge test (e.g. analysis and problem-solving type questions)
c. Skills
5. Internal structure: Validity of evaluation instrument 6. Internal structure:
a. Not applicable a. Not applicable
b. Not reported b. Not reported
c. Reported c. Reported
6. Content: 7. Content:
a. Not applicable a. Not applicable
b. Not reported b. Not reported
c. Reported c. Reported
7. Relationships to other variables: 8. Relationships to other variables:
a. Not applicable a. Not applicable
b. Not reported b. Not reported
c. Reported c. Reported
8. Appropriateness of analysis: Data analysis 9. Appropriateness of analysis:
a. Inappropriate for study design or type of data a. Inappropriate for study design or type of data
b. Appropriate for study design, type of data b. Appropriate for study design, type of data
9. Complexity of analysis: 10. Complexity of analysis: (Pls. select one)
a. Descriptive analysis only a. Descriptive analysis only
b. Beyond descriptive analysis b. Simple inferential statistics
c. Modelling and more complex analysis
10. Outcomes Outcomes 11. Outcomes
Satisfaction, attitudes, perceptions, opinions, general facts Satisfaction, attitudes, perceptions, opinions, general facts
Knowledge, skills Knowledge, skills measured by: (Pls. select one)
Behaviours a. Low fidelity simulation or paper-based assessments
Patient/health care outcome b. High fidelity simulation
Behaviours in clinical environment
Patient/health care outcome

a Risk of bias judgment based on: sequence generation, blinding & allocation concealment. For more details, please see Additional file 2 Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Controlled Trials