Fig. 2.

Experiment 1: ELSD in juvenile voles acutely fragments REM and NREM sleep and chronically reduces REM sleep duration. A) Arousal Index (# arousals/total sleep time) was increased only on the first day of ELSD. B) Average length of NREM sleep bout each day of recording was not significantly reduced. C) Average length of REM sleep bout was decreased the first 3 days of ELSD. D) Time spent in Wake across the entire 6 days of ELSD was not significantly increased. E) No change in NREM sleep amounts. F) REM sleep amount were reduced across the entire 6 days of ELSD. N = 5/group. Symbol represents mean, error bars ± SEM. *p < 0.0083 (p value 0.0083 required for statistical significance after Bonferroni correction); **p < 0.01 significant effect of sleep group (repeated measures ANOVA) REM = rapid eye movement; NREM = non-rapid eye movement; ELSD = early life sleep disruption.