Table 2.
Comparison of the geometric means of PZQ concentration (ng/mL) and metabolic ratios trans-4-hydroxy-praziquantel/praziquantel and cis-4-hydroxy-praziquantel/praziquantel between CYP450 genotypes.
| Genotype | N | PZQ GM ± SD | p-value | Trans-4-OH-PZQ/PZQ GM ± SD | p-value | Cis-4-OH-PZQ/PZQ GM ± SD | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CYP3A4 | *1/*1 | 36 | 292.9 ± 4.6 | 0.36 | 26.3 ± 2.4 | 0.39 | 1.3 ± 2.2 | 0.04 |
| *1B carriers | 424 | 320.8 ± 4.1 | 27.6 ± 2.7 | 1.8 ± 3.0 | ||||
| CYP3A5 | *1*1 | 119 | 280.0 ± 1.1 | 0.13 | 27.5 ± 1.1 | 0.50 | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 0.40 |
| *3, *6, *7 carriers | 341 | 333.1 ± 1.1 | 27.5 ± 1.1 | 1.8 ± 1.1 | ||||
| CYP2C9 | *1/*1 | 456 | 314.5 ± 1.1 | 0.02 | 27.8 ± 1.0 | < 0.001 | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 0.02 |
| *2, *3 carriers | 4 | 1356.3 ± 1.5 | 7.2 ± 1.3 | 0.6 ± 1.4 | ||||
| CYP2J2 | *1/*1 | 344 | 312.1 ± 1.1 | 0.30 | 27.1 ± 1.1 | 0.31 | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 0.30 |
| *7 carriers | 116 | 388.3 ± 1.1 | 28.6 ± 1.1 | 1.7 ± 1.1 | ||||
| CYP2C19 | *1/*17, or *17/*17 (UM) | 147 | 246.0 ± 4.1 | < 0.001 | 38.5 ± 2.6 | 0.39 | 2.2 ± 2.8 | 0.02 |
| *1/*1 (EM) | 205 | 309.5 ± 4.6 | 26.6 ± 2.7 | 1.8 ± 3.1 | ||||
| *2, *3 carriers (IM&PM) | 108 | 477.6 ± 3.0 | 18.3 ± 2.4 | 1.3 ± 2.5 |
GM geometric mean, OH hydroxyl, PZQ Praziquantel, SD standard deviation, UM ultra-rapid metabolizers, EM extensive metabolizers, IM intermediate metabolizers, PM poor metabolizers.
Significant values are in bold.