Table 4.
Factors associated with Praziquantel metabolic ratios (trans-4-OH-PZQ/PZQ and cis-4-OH-PZQ/PZQ).
| Variable | Trans-4-OH-PZQ/PZQ MR | p-value | Trans-4-OH-PZQ/PZQ MR | Cis-4-OH-PZQ/PZQ MR | p-value | Cis-4-OH-PZQ/PZQ MR | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude Log mean diff. (95% CI) | Adjusted Log mean diff. (95% CI) | p-value | Crude Log mean diff. (95% CI) | Adjusted Log mean diff. (95% CI) | |||||
| Sex | Female | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
| Male | − 0.048 (− 0.127 to 0.031) | 0.24 | − 0.045 (− 0.131 to 0.040) | 0.30 | |||||
| Age | − 0.036 (− 0.053 to − 0.019) | < 0.0001 | − 0.034 (− 0.061 to − 0.007) | 0.01 | − 0.026 (− 0.044 to − 0.007) | < 0.01 | − 0.020 (− 0.050 to 0.010) | 0.20 | |
| Weight (kg) | − 0.007 (− 0.012 to − 0.003) | 0.001 | − 0.007 (− 0.017 to 0.002) | 0.11 | − 0.006 (− 0.011 to − 0.001) | 0.01 | − 0.006 (− 0.017 to 0.004) | 0.22 | |
| Height (cm) | − 0.004 (− 0.007 to − 0.001) | 0.01 | 0.006 (− 0.001 to 0.012) | 0.10 | − 0.003 (− 0.001 to 0.000) | 0.06 | 0.004 (− 0.004 to 0.011) | 0.35 | |
| Wasting status (BAZ) | Not wasted | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Wasted | 0.167 (− 0.062 to 0.397) | 0.153 | 0.235 (− 0.013 to 0.483) | 0.06 | |||||
| Stunting status (HAZ) | Not Stunted | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Stunted | − 0.066 (− 0.148 to 0.015) | 0.11 | − 0.023 (− 0.111 to 0.065) | 0.60 | |||||
| CYP3A4 | *1/*1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||
| *1B carriers | 0.021 (− 0.126 to 0.168) | 0.78 | 0.146 (− 0.013 to 0.305) | 0.07 | 0.165 (0.010 to 0.320) | 0.04 | |||
| CYP3A5 | *1*1 | Ref | Ref. | ||||||
| *3, *6, *7 carriers | − 0.000 (− 0.090 to 0.090) | 0.98 | − 0.013 (− 0.111 to 0.084) | 0.79 | |||||
| CYP2C9 | *1/*1 | Ref | Ref. | Ref. | Ref | ||||
| *2, *3 carriers | − 0.587 (− 1.010 to − 0.164) | < 0.001 | − 0.451 (− 0.854 to − 0.047) | 0.03 | − 0.505 (− 0.964 to − 0.047) | 0.03 | − 0.425 (− 0.875 to 0.025) | 0.06 | |
| CYP2J2 | *1/*1 | Ref | Ref. | ||||||
| *7 carriers | 0.023 (− 0.068 to 0.114) | 0.61 | |||||||
| CYP2C19 | *1/*1 (EM) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| *2, *3 carriers (IM & PM) | − 0.164 (− 0.261 to − 0.067) | 0.001 | − 0.161 (− 0.256 to 0.066) | 0.001 | − 0.168 (− 0.275 to − 0.060) | < 0.01 | − 0.167 (− 0.273 to − 0.060) | < 0.01 | |
| *1/*17 or *17/*17 (UM) | 0.159 (0.070 to 0.247) | < 0.001 | 0.136 (0.049 to 0.223) | < 0.01 | 0.065 (− 0.032 to 0.163) | 0.19 | 0.050 (− 0.047 to 0.147) | 0.31 | |
BAZ body mass index (BMI) for age Z score, EM extensive metabolizers, HAZ height for age Z score, IM Intermediate Metabolizers, MR metabolic ratio, PZQ Praziquantel, UM ultrarapid metabolizers.
Significant values are in bold.