Table 2.

Maternal characteristics, lipid profiles and glucose metabolism indices in different HOMA-IR subgroups.

Characteristics	IR-H1 N=778	IR-H2a N=159	IR-H3a N=148	IR-H4a N=149
Maternal age, years	31.41 ± 4.24	32.34 ± 4.72*	31.29 ± 3.91	31.72 ± 4.44
BMI, kg/m2	20.42 ± 2.32	23.76 ± 3.30**	21.95 ± 3.02**	21.54 ± 2.30**
Conception by IVF, n (%)	133 (17.1)	25 (15.7)	30 (20.3)	33 (22.1)
Smoking, n (%)	5 (1.9)	3 (0.6)	3 (2.0)	1 (0.7)
Family history of diabetes mellitus, n (%)	33 (4.2)	12 (7.5)	10 (6.8)	11 (7.4)
Multiparous, n (%)	243 (31.2)	63 (39.6)*	52 (35.1)	54 (36.2)
Blood tests in the first trimester
TC, mmol/L	4.91 ± 0.77	5.18 ± 0.83**	5.01 ± 0.82	5.03 ± 1.07
TG, mmol/L	1.26 ± 0.49	1.72 ± 0.67**	1.47 ± 0.53**	1.44 ± 0.45**
HDL-c, mmol/L	1.83 ± 0.32	1.71 ± 0.34**	1.73 ± 0.33**	1.72 ± 0.29**
LDL-c, mmol/L	2.71 ± 0.52	2.95 ± 0.58**	2.85 ± 0.56**	2.88 ± 0.77**
HbAlc, %	5.12 ± 0.29	5.21 ± 0.33**	5.12 ± 0.35	5.19 ± 0.31**
FPG, mmol/L	4.27 ± 0.32	4.49 ± 0.36**	4.57 ± 0.33**	4.31 ± 0.33
FINS, μU/mL	5.03 ± 1.63	12.21 ± 4.05**	10.16 ± 2.60**	6.48 ± 1.50**
Blood tests in the second trimester
TC, mmol/L	6.33 ± 1.05	6.27 ± 1.11	6.34 ± 1.11	6.41 ± 1.25
TG, mmol/L	1.96 ± 0.72	2.54 ± 1.00**	2.34 ± 0.86**	2.42 ± 0.91**
HDL-c, mmol/L	2.11 ± 0.37	1.99 ± 0.35**	2.03 ± 0.36*	2.02 ± 0.35**
LDL-c, mmol/L	3.58 ± 0.73	3.56 ± 0.80	3.64 ± 0.76	3.70 ± 1.03
HbAlc, %	4.83 ± 0.30	5.04 ± 0.34**	4.86 ± 0.28	4.96 ± 0.34**
FINS, μU/mL	6.41 ± 1.87	14.78 ± 5.01**	7.76 ± 1.58**	12.24 ± 2.30**
Oral glucose test result
0h, mmol/L	4.21 ± 0.30	4.60 ± 0.40**	4.33 ± 0.30**	4.52 ± 0.37**
1h, mmol/L	7.70 ± 1.58	8.80 ± 1.70**	7.80 ± 1.64	8.26 ± 1.84**
2h, mmol/L	6.66 ± 1.37	7.51 ± 1.43**	6.86 ± 1.33*	7.13 ± 1.43**

^a In comparison with IR-H1 group; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.