Fig. 5.

In vitro PUFA effects on macrophage glycome: A) increased glycosylation by monosaccharides, and B) highly sialylated N-linked glycoproteins (A) ω-3 treatment of macrophages (DHA 10μg/ml) increased relative area of fucose, GlcNH2, Gal, and Mann in N-glycans of the patients #33 and #14 (p < 0.01); B) ω-3 treatment increased the area of the peaks corresponding to the glycan structures 1 through 4 in the UPLC-FL chromatograms (i and ii): The chromatograms of 2-AB tagged N-linked glycans are compared between i) no treatment (DMSO) and ii) ω-3-treated samples. Columns 1, 2, 3, and 4 represent the area of peaks corresponding to the N-glycans with structure 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Column-5 presents the sum total of areas from tri- and tetra-sialylated glycans. Column-6 presents the ratio (x100) of tri- and tetra- sialylated glycans over bi-antennary glycans containing two sialic acids (Struc-1). iii) The putative structures of N-glycans in the samples: structure-1 (di-antennary complex glycan containing two sialic acids at the non-reducing end of the glycans); structure-2 and structure-3 (tri-antennary tri-sialylated glycans are isomeric forms eluting at different retention time on the UPLC. Both of the structures have three sialic acids with different linkages to subterminal galactose residues; structure-4 (tri-antennary tetra-sialylated glycans with four sialic acid residues at the non-reducing end) (p < 0.01).