Table 3.
A summary of associations between COVID‐19 and gut/upper respiratory tract microbiome.
| Gut microbiota and COVID‐19 associations | ||
|---|---|---|
| Family/genus/species | Number of studies that reported increasing patterns | Number of studies that reported decreasing patterns |
| Bacteroides | 5 | 1 |
| Blautia | 1 | 1 |
| Clostridium | ‐ | 1 |
| Streptococcus | 5 | 2 |
| Lachnospira | 1 | 1 |
| Coprococcus | ‐ | 2 |
| Eubacterium | ‐ | 2 |
| Fusobacterium | 1 | ‐ |
| Campylobacter | 2 | ‐ |
| Corynebacterium | 1 | 1 |
| Bifidobacterium | 1 | 4 |
| Lactobacillus | 2 | 1 |
| Faecalibacterium | 1 | 1 |
| Firmicutes | 2 | 2 |
| Enterococcaceae/Enterococcus | 3 | ‐ |
| Rothia | 2 | ‐ |
| Pseudomonas | ‐ | 1 |
| Collinsella | 1 | 2 |
| Ruminococcus | 1 | ‐ |
| Aspergillus/Candida | 1 | ‐ |
| Veillonella | 3 | ‐ |
| Staphylococcus | 1 | ‐ |
| Upper respiratory tract microbiota and COVID‐19 associations | ||
|---|---|---|
| Family/Genus/Species | Number of studies that reported increasing patterns | Number of studies that reported decreasing patterns |
| Streptococcus | 7 | ‐ |
| Rothiais | 5 | ‐ |
| Corynebacterium | 2 | ‐ |
| Prevotella/Veillonella | 4 | ‐ |
| Haemophilus | 1 | ‐ |
| Stenotrophomonas | 1 | ‐ |
| Acinetobacter | 1 | ‐ |
| Moraxella | 1 | ‐ |
| Corynebacterium | 1 | ‐ |
| Gemella | 1 | ‐ |
| Ralstonia | 1 | ‐ |
| Pseudomonas | 1 | ‐ |
| Granulicatella | 1 | ‐ |
| Megasphaera | 1 | ‐ |