Table 2.
Associationsa of the plasma omega-6/omega-3 PUFAs ratio with all-cause, cancer, and CVD mortality risk in the UK Biobank
| Omega ratio variable forms | Causes of death |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-cause |
Cancer |
Cardiovascular diseases |
|||||||
| Number of deaths | Partially adjusted associationsb | Fully adjusted associationsc | Number of deaths | Partially adjusted associationsb | Fully adjusted associationsc | Number of deaths | Partially adjusted associationsb | Fully adjusted associationsc | |
| HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | ||||
|
| |||||||||
| Continuous | 4,733 | 1.02 (1.02–1.03) | 1.02 (1.02–1.03) | 2,585 | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 1,017 | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) |
|
| |||||||||
| Quintiles (median) | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| 1 (5.8) | 900 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 512 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 202 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| 2 (7.5) | 896 | 1.07 (0.97–1.17) | 1.02 (0.91–1.13) | 539 | 1.15 (1.02–1.30) | 1.11 (0.97–1.27) | 176 | 0.92 (0.75–1.13) | 0.87 (0.69–1.11) |
| 3 (9.0) | 868 | 1.09 (0.99–1.19) | 1.03 (0.92–1.14) | 469 | 1.06 (0.94–1.21) | 1.01 (0.87–1.16) | 187 | 0.99 (0.81–1.21) | 0.91 (0.72–1.16) |
| 4 (10.8) | 980 | 1.31 (1.20–1.44) | 1.26 (1.14–1.40) | 529 | 1.30 (1.15–1.47) | 1.26 (1.10–1.45) | 208 | 1.17 (0.96–1.42) | 1.17 (0.93–1.47) |
| 5 (14.6) | 1,089 | 1.55 (1.42–1.70) | 1.42 (1.28–1.57) | 533 | 1.42 (1.25–1.60) | 1.31 (1.13–1.50) | 244 | 1.42 (1.17–1.72) | 1.40 (1.12–1.75) |
| P trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazards ratio; ref, reference.
a
From Cox proportional hazards regression.
b
Adjusted for age (years; continuous), sex (male, female), race (White, Black, Asian, Others), Townsend deprivation index (continuous), assessment Centre.
c
Adjusted for age (years; continuous), sex (male, female), race (White, Black, Asian, Others), Townsend deprivation index (continuous), assessment Centre, BMI (kg/m2; continuous), smoking status (never, previous, current), alcohol intake status (never, previous, current), physical activity (low, moderate, high).