Table 1.
Descriptive and bivariate analysis for discharged ED visit categories from 2019 to 2021.
| Urgency of ED Visit Categories | Pre and During COVID- 19 Time Frame |
Chi-square test | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | Total | ||
| HOSPITAL #1 (RUMC) | |||||
| Emergent - Not Preventable/Avoidable | 4003 (8.62%)⁎ | 4095 (9.79%)⁎ | 3771 (9.78%)⁎ | 11,869 (9.36%) | χ2 = 3789.605 df = 18 p < 0.001 |
| Emergent - Preventable Avoidable | 1335 (2.87%)⁎ | 993 (2.37%) | 884 (2.29%)⁎ | 3212 (2.53%) | |
| Emergent - Primary Care Treatable | 8350 (17.97%)⁎ | 6567 (15.7%)⁎ | 5837 (15.14%)⁎ | 20,754 (16.36%) | |
| Non-Emergent | 9030 (19.43%)⁎ | 7051 (16.86%)⁎ | 7012 (18.18%) | 23,093 (18.2%) | |
| Injury | 7811 (16.81%)⁎ | 5651 (13.51%)⁎ | 6108 (15.84%) | 19,570 (15.43%) | |
| Alcohol | 636 (1.37%) | 402 (0.96%)⁎ | 545 (1.41%)⁎ | 1583 (1.25%) | |
| Mental Health | 734 (1.58%) | 600 (1.43%) | 680 (1.76%)⁎ | 2014 (1.59%) | |
| Substance Abuse | 210 (0.45%)⁎ | 265 (0.63%) | 275 (0.71%)⁎ | 750 (0.59%) | |
| COVID-19 | 0 (0%)⁎ | 3134 (7.49%)⁎ | 1808 (4.69%)⁎ | 4942 (3.9%) | |
| Unclassified | 14,355 (30.89%) | 13,075 (31.26%) | 11,641 (30.19%) | 39,071 (30.8%) | |
| Total | 46,464 (100%) | 41,833 (100%) | 38,561 (100%) | 126,858 (100%) | |
| HOSPITAL #2 (ROPH) | |||||
| Emergent - Not Preventable/Avoidable | 2055 (6%)⁎ | 2104 (6.64%) | 2264 (6.42%) | 6423 (6.35%) | χ2 = 1604.257 df = 18 p < 0.001 |
| Emergent - Preventable Avoidable | 1246 (3.64%)⁎ | 984 (3.11%) | 969 (2.75%)⁎ | 3199 (3.16%) | |
| Emergent - Primary Care Treatable | 6702 (19.58%)⁎ | 5736 (18.11%) | 6278 (17.81%)⁎ | 18,716 (18.5%) | |
| Non-Emergent | 6787 (19.83%)⁎ | 5701 (18%) | 6143 (17.43%)⁎ | 18,631 (18.42%) | |
| Injury | 6598 (19.28%)⁎ | 5270 (16.64%)⁎ | 6694 (18.99%)⁎ | 18,562 (18.35%) | |
| Alcohol | 467 (1.36%) | 383 (1.21%) | 379 (1.08%) | 1229 (1.22%) | |
| Mental Health | 351 (1.03%) | 364 (1.15%) | 453 (1.29%) | 1168 (1.15%) | |
| Substance Abuse | 166 (0.48%)⁎ | 242 (0.76%) | 288 (0.82%)⁎ | 696 (0.69%) | |
| COVID-19 | 0 (0%)⁎ | 1198 (3.78%)⁎ | 1363 (3.87%)⁎ | 2561 (2.53%) | |
| Unclassified | 9857 (28.8%)⁎ | 9698 (30.61%)⁎ | 10,412 (29.54%) | 29,967 (29.63%) | |
| Total | 34,229 (100%) | 31,680 (100%) | 35,243 (100%) | 101,152 (100%) | |
| COMBINED HOSPITALS #1 and #2 | |||||
| Emergent - Not Preventable/Avoidable | 6058 (7.51%)⁎ | 6199 (8.43%)⁎ | 6035 (8.18%) | 18,292 (8.02%) | χ2 = 5115.204 df = 18 p < 0.001 |
| Emergent - Preventable Avoidable | 2581 (3.2%)⁎ | 1977 (2.69%) | 1853 (2.51%)⁎ | 6411 (2.81%) | |
| Emergent - Primary Care Treatable | 15,052 (18.65%)⁎ | 12,303 (16.74%)⁎ | 12,115 (16.42%)⁎ | 39,470 (17.31%) | |
| Non-Emergent | 15,817 (19.6%)⁎ | 12,752 (17.35%)⁎ | 13,155 (17.82%)⁎ | 41,724 (18.3%) | |
| Injury | 14,409 (17.86%)⁎ | 10,921 (14.86%)⁎ | 12,802 (17.35%)⁎ | 38,132 (16.72%) | |
| Alcohol | 1103 (1.37%)⁎ | 785 (1.07%)⁎ | 924 (1.25%) | 2812 (1.23%) | |
| Mental Health | 1085 (1.34%) | 964 (1.31%) | 1133 (1.54%)⁎ | 3182 (1.4%) | |
| Substance Abuse | 376 (0.47%)⁎ | 507 (0.69%) | 563 (0.76%)⁎ | 1446 (0.63%) | |
| COVID-19 | 0 (0%)⁎ | 4332 (5.89%)⁎ | 3171 (4.3%)⁎ | 7503 (3.29%) | |
| Unclassified | 24,212 (30.01%) | 22,773 (30.98%)⁎ | 22,053 (29.88%) | 69,038 (30.28%) | |
| Total | 80,693 (100%) | 73,513 (100%) | 73,804 (100%) | 228,010 (100%) | |
RUMC, Rush University Medical Center; ROPH, Rush Oak Park Hospital.
⁎
, represents significant p values for post-hoc analysis between observed and expected values using Fisher's Exact test with Bonferroni correction.