Figure 15.

Expression levels of fibrotic genes and inflammatory cytokines in biopsies from patients with active CD and active UC. Data were derived from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets GSE57945 (n = 42 controls and n = 162 with CD) and GSE59071 (n = 11 controls and n = 74 with UC). Expression of ACTA2, COL1A1, COL1A2, and COL3A1 in (A) the ileum of non-IBD and active CD patients (GSE57945) and (B) the colon of non-IBD, active CD, and active UC patients (GSE59071). (C) Expression of CSF2 and CSF3 in the ileum of CD patients compared with non-IBD ileum controls and in the colon of UC and CD patients compared with non-IBD colon controls. (D and E) Expression of COL1A1, COL1A2, and COL3A1in biopsies from CD and UC patients with high and low expression profiles for NR1I2 compared with non-IBD control patients. (E) CSF2 and CSF3 mRNA expression against NR1I2 expression in pooled IBD cohorts (n = 155, all samples across both GSE57945 and GSE59071 datasets. Student t test (A and C) and one-way analysis of variance with Tukey multiple-comparison test (B and C). ∗P < .05, ∗∗P < .01, ∗∗∗P < .005.