Table 2.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis
| Patient and preoperative factors | Coefficient | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age category (years) | |||
| <30 | – | – | – |
| 30–40 | − 0.367 | 0.693 (0.559 to 0.859) | 0.001 |
| 41–50 | − 0.550 | 0.577 (0.474 to 0.702) | <0.001 |
| 51–60 | − 0.699 | 0.497 (0.410 to 0.603) | <0.001 |
| 61–70 | − 0.940 | 0.391 (0.321 to 0.475) | <0.001 |
| 71+ | − 1.702 | 0.182 (0.146 to 0.227) | <0.001 |
| Gender | |||
| Female | – | – | – |
| Male | − 0.420 | 0.657 (0.582 to 0.743) | <0.001 |
| ASA | |||
| ASA 1 | – | – | – |
| ASA 2 | − 0.593 | 0.553 (0.493 to 0.620) | <0.001 |
| ASA 3+ | − 1.690 | 0.185 (0.149 to 0.229) | 0.000 |
| Previous hospital admissiona | |||
| No | – | – | – |
| Yes | − 0.619 | 0.538 (0.484 to 0.599) | 0.599 |
| Primary indication for surgery | |||
| Biliary colic | – | – | – |
| Cholecystitis | − 0.644 | 0.525 (0.462 to 0.597) | <0.001 |
| Pancreatitis | − 0.704 | 0.495 (0.403 to 0.607) | <0.001 |
| CBD stone | − 0.959 | 0.383 (0.306 to 0.480) | <0.001 |
| Other | − 0.182 | 0.834 (0.587 to 1.184) | 0.309 |
| Preoperative investigationsb | |||
| USS only | |||
| Radiological | − 0.584 | 0.558 (0.500 to 0.632) | <0.001 |
| Endoscopic | − 0.924 | 0.397 (0.336 to 0.472) | <0.001 |
| Ultrasound scan findings | |||
| Normal-walled gallbladder | – | – | – |
| Thick-walled gallbladder | − 0.454 | 0.635 (0.564 to 0.714) | <0.001 |
| Normal CBD | – | – | – |
| Dilated CBD | − 0.580 | 0.560 (0.482 to 0.652) | <0.001 |
| Consultant specialityc | |||
| HPB/UGI | – | – | – |
| Other | − 0.119 | 0.888 (0.798 to 0.989) | 0.030 |
ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification score, CBD common bile duct
aPrevious gallstone-related emergency admission to hospital
bPreoperative investigations: radiological—CT and MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP); endoscopic—endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound
cConsultant speciality: HPB—hepatopancreaticobiliary surgery; UGI—oesophago-gastric surgery; other—colorectal, vascular and breast surgery