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. 2023 Jan 27;14:437. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36007-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Enhancing 24-epi-ergosterol production by regulating the expression level of Ar207, ACC1, and ERG5. The expression level of Ar207 was regulated by various promoters, including P_TEF1, P_TDH3, P_ERG4, P_ERG5, P_CIT2, and P_GAL1. The expression of ACC1 and ERG5 was enhanced by replacing the endogenous promoter with P_GAL10 and P_CIT2, respectively. P-Ar207 the promoter chosen for Ar207, P_TEF1 the promoter of TEF1 (encoding translation elongation factor 1), P_TDH3 the promoter of TDH3 (encoding triose-phosphate dehydrogenase), P_ERG4 the promoter of ERG4 (encoding Δ²⁴⁽²⁸⁾-sterol reductase), P_ERG5 the promoter of ERG5 (encoding C-22 sterol desaturase), P_CIT2 the promoter of CIT2 (encoding citrate synthase), P_GAL1 the promoter of GAL1 (encoding galactokinase), ACC1 acetyl-CoA carboxylase, ERG5 C-22 sterol desaturase. b Fermentation profiles of YQE729 and YQE734 in fed-batch bioreactors. Time courses of cell growth, titer of 24-epi-ergosterol, and the ratio of 24-epi-ergosterol to late sterols were obtained by analyzing samples every 4–8 h. a, b Data were presented as mean values ± SD from three independent biological replicates (n = 3). a The circles represent individual data points. Significance (p value) was evaluated by a two-sided t-test, no significance (n.s.) presents p > 0.05. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.