Table 3.

Bivariate Analysis of Factors Associated with H. pylori Infection

Variables		Odds ratio	95% Confidence Interval	P value
Gender
	Male	Ref
	Female	0.87	0.49–1.54	0.634
Age (years)
	18–22	Ref
	23–27	1.44	0.66–3.15	0.366
	28–32	1.96	0.89–4.30	0.094
	33–37	3.48	1.38–8.76	0.008*
	38–42	4.18	1.42–12.26	0.009*
	>42	1.02	0.41–2.53	0.961
Education level
	None	Ref
	Primary	0.40	0.16–1.04	0.060
	Secondary	0.50	0.18–1.41	0.188
	Tertiary	0.34	0.07–1.57	0.167
Boil drinking water
	Yes	Ref
	No	0.75	0.43–1.34	0.334
Washing hands before eating
	Yes	Ref
	No	3.93	0.87–17.72	0.075
Water sources
	Piped	Ref
	Spring	0.61	0.34–1.09	0.097
	Open well	0.50	0.19–1.27	0.144
Washing facility at the toilet
	Yes	Ref
	No	1.33	0.39–4.56	0.641
Residence
	Rural	Ref
	Urban	1.52	0.83–2.80	0.169
Smoking
	No	Ref
	Yes	0.86	0.17–4.25	0.853
Alcohol
	No	Ref
	Yes	0.93	0.40–2.17	0.871
Anemia
	Non-Anemic	Ref
	Anemic	1.53	0.78–3.00	0.212
Stool Parasitemia
	No	Ref
	Yes	11.30	1.31–97.46	0.027*

Note: *Significant factor associated with H. pylori.