Figure 5.

Knocking out GS3, GW8 and GS9 significantly increase outcrossing rates of ZH11 and Zhu6S. (a) The F₁ seeds from the crossings of ZH11 or gs3/gw8/gs9 and the orange‐red‐grained astaxanthin rice. The orange‐red grains represent outcrossing seeds. (b) Measurement of the outcrossing rate of ZH11 and gs3/gw8/gs9. Bars indicate SEM (n = 4). (c) The stigma exsertion phenotype of Zhu6S and two edited lines (with GW8 and GS9 knockout). The red arrows indicate the exserted stigmas. (d) Statistical analysis of stigma exsertion rate shown in (c). Bars indicate SEM (n = 10). (e) Measurement of the outcrossing rate of Zhu6S and two edited lines after natural cross‐pollination with Tianfeng B. Bars indicate SEM (n = 3). (f) Panicle morphologies of Zhu6S and two edited lines after natural cross‐pollination with Tianfeng B. Asterisks indicate significant differences (**P < 0.01) from ZH11 or Zhu6S, as determined by two‐tailed Student's t‐test. Data are shown as means ± SEM.