Table 1.
Characteristics (n = 2545) of the study participants living in (Local) and outside of Africa (Diaspora)
| Variables | Local 2391 (93.9%) | Diaspora 154 (6.1) | P-value^ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age group (years) | |||
| 18 – 28 | 898 (38.7) | 23 (14.9) | < 0.001 |
| 29 – 38 | 677 (29.1) | 41 (26.6) | |
| 39 – 48 | 450 (19.4) | 46 (29.9) | |
| 49 + | 297 (12.8) | 44 (28.6) | |
| Sex | |||
| Males | 1,264 (52.9) | 112 (72.7) | < 0.001 |
| Females | 1,127 (47.1) | 42 (27.7) | |
| SSA region of origin* | |||
| West Africa | 1,330 (55.6) | 107 (75.4) | < 0.001 |
| East Africa | 116 (4.9) | 6 (4.2) | |
| Central Africa | 288 (12.1) | 24 (16.9) | |
| Southern Africa | 657 (27.5) | 5 (3.5) | |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 1,030 (43.1) | 92 (59.7) | < 0.001 |
| Not married ǂ | 1,361 (56.9) | 62 (40.3) | |
| Highest level of education | |||
| Postgraduate degree (Masters/PhD) | 668 (27.9) | 82 (53.3) | < 0.001 |
| Bachelor’s degree | 1,237 (51.7) | 61 (39.6) | |
| Secondary/High School | 436 (18.2) | 9 (5.8) | |
| Primary or Less | 50 (2.1) | 2 (1.3) | |
| Employment status | |||
| Employed/Self-employed | 1,733 (72.5) | 139 (90.3) | < 0.001 |
| Unemployed/Retired | 658 (27.5) | 15 (9.7) | |
| Religion | |||
| Christianity | 2,140 (89.5) | 138 (89.6) | 0.966 |
| Others | 251 (10.5) | 16 (10.4) | |
| Occupation | |||
| Non-Healthcare | 1,658 (69.3) | 95 (61.7) | 0.047 |
| Healthcare | 733 (30.7) | 59 (38.3) | |
| Previous vaccination for any condition | |||
| No | 430 (18.0) | 15 (9.7) | 0.009 |
| Yes | 1,961 (82.0) | 139 (90.3) | |
| Smoking Status | |||
| Ex-smoker | 142 (5.9) | 18 (11.7) | 0.014 |
| Current smoker | 168 (7.0) | 8(5.2) | |
| Non-smoker | 2,081 (87.0) | 128 (83.1) | |
| Risk factors: Any pre-existing condition§ | |||
| No | 2,022 (84.6) | 107 (69.5) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 369 (15.4) | 47 (30.5) | |
Data presented as frequencies (percentages)
^chi-square test were used to obtained the P−value
*SSA Sub−Sahara Africa
ǂincludes single, divorced, and widowed
§includes the presence of any of the following conditions: cancer, diabetes, hypertension, asthma, kidney disease, any heart condition, sickle cell anemia