Table 3.
Characteristics of Participants the Degree of PV-WMH and D-WMH
| Variables | PV-WMH | P | D-WMH | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None–Mild (n = 346) | Moderate–Severe (n = 326) | None–Mild (n = 410) | Moderate–Severe (n = 262) | |||
| Demographic characteristics | ||||||
| Age, years | 62 (55, 69) | 77 (71, 83) | 0.001 | 66 (57, 73) | 77 (69, 83) | 0.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 219 (63.3) | 200 (61.3) | 0.603 | 251 (61.2) | 168 (64.1) | 0.449 |
| Past medical history, n (%) | ||||||
| Hypertension | 201 (58.1) | 264 (81.0) | 0.001 | 260 (63.4) | 203 (78.2) | 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 80 (23.1) | 72 (22.1) | 0.748 | 94 (22.9) | 58 (22.1) | 0.811 |
| Lipid metabolism disorders | 49 (14.2) | 42 (12.9) | 0.628 | 56 (13.7) | 35 (13.4) | 0.912 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 53 (15.3) | 62 (19.0) | 0.203 | 63 (15.4) | 52 (19.8) | 0.132 |
| Coronary artery disease | 47 (13.6) | 57 (17.5) | 0.162 | 60 (14.6) | 44 (16.8) | 0.450 |
| Previous stroke or TIA | 44 (12.7) | 77 (23.6) | 0.001 | 62 (15.1) | 59 (22.5) | 0.015 |
| Smoking | 144 (41.6) | 144 (44.2) | 0.504 | 163 (39.8) | 125 (47.7) | 0.042 |
| Drinking | 128 (37.0) | 98 (30.1) | 0.057 | 136 (33.2) | 90 (34.4) | 0.752 |
| Clinical assessment | ||||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 150 (134, 162) | 147 (137, 164) | 0.757 | 150 (135, 164) | 148 (137, 163) | 0.594 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 87 (80, 99) | 88 (79, 96) | 0.273 | 87 (80, 96) | 88 (79, 96) | 0.807 |
| Previous antiplatelet, n (%) | 42 (12.1) | 53 (16.3) | 0.126 | 59 (14.4) | 36 (13.7) | 0.814 |
| Previous statin, n (%) | 37 (10.7) | 41 (12.6) | 0.446 | 50 (12.2) | 28 (10.7) | 0.552 |
| TOAST subtype | 0.001 | 0.042 | ||||
| LAA | 145 (41.9) | 161 (49.4) | 180 (43.9) | 126 (48.1) | ||
| CE | 54 (15.6) | 76 (23.3) | 74 (18.0) | 56 (21.4) | ||
| SAO | 125 (36.1) | 78 (23.9) | 134 (32.7) | 69 (26.3) | ||
| SOE | 8 (2.3) | 1 (0.3) | 9 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| SUE | 14 (4.0) | 10 (3.1) | 13 (3.2) | 11 (4.2) | ||
| Laboratory data | ||||||
| Leukocyte (x10^9/L) | 7.52 (6.05, 9.32) | 7.56 (6.42, 9.61) | 0.243 | 7.55 (6.17, 9.45) | 7.51 (6.09, 9.39) | 0.967 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.70 (4.04, 5.21) | 4.57 (3.91, 5.28) | 0.259 | 4.69 (4.03, 5.21) | 4.53 (3.90, 5.31) | 0.364 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.28 (0.97, 1.88) | 1.28 (0.86, 1.74) | 0.037 | 1.23 (0.93, 1.79) | 1.36 (0.88, 1.77) | 0.945 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.16 (0.95, 1.34) | 1.17 (1.02, 1.34) | 0.228 | 1.16 (0.99, 1.34) | 1.16 (1.00, 1.34) | 0.637 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.48 (2.00, 3.16) | 2.57 (2.04, 3.14) | 0.857 | 2.50 (2.03, 3.19) | 2.57 (2.03, 3.11) | 0.909 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.64 (4.89, 7.17) | 6.07 (5.21, 7.33) | 0.004 | 5.70 (4.95, 7.26) | 5.91 (5.19, 7.20) | 0.025 |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | 3.49 (1.49, 8.12) | 4.28 (1.40, 9.02) | 0.033 | 3.57 (1.51, 8.49) | 3.98 (1.33, 8.55) | 0.265 |
| YKL-40 (ng/mL) | 130.94 (63.53, 232.33) | 150.21 (81.13, 261.60) | 0.007 | 134.61 (78.49, 239.94) | 130.83 (76.26, 241.12) | 0.228 |
Notes: Continuous variables are expressed as medians (IQR), and categorical variables are presented as n (%).
Abbreviations: PV-WMH, periventricular white matter hyperintensity; D-WMH, deep white matter hyperintensity; TIA, transient ischemic attack, TOAST, Trial of ORG 10,172 in Acute Stroke Treatment; LAA, large-artery atherosclerosis; CE, cardioembolism; SAO, small-artery occlusion; SOE, stroke of other determined etiology; SUE, stroke of undetermined etiology; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG, fasting blood glucose; hs-CRP, hyper-sensitive C-reactive protein.