Table 4. ORs of gastric cancer by the combination of potentially protective food groups.
| Variables* | No. of cases/controls | Model I1) | Model II2) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | |||
| Soy products & fruits | ||||||
| Low/Low | 31/19 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | |
| Low/High | 18/22 | 0.43 | (0.16–1.17) | 0.37 | (0.13–1.05) | |
| High/Low | 22/21 | 0.40 | (0.15–1.07) | 0.33 | (0.12–0.94) | |
| High/High | 11/20 | 0.25 | (0.08–0.76) | 0.20 | (0.06–0.67) | |
| Soy products & vegetables | ||||||
| Low/Low | 29/26 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | |
| Low/High | 20/15 | 2.04 | (0.72–5.75) | 2.38 | (0.81–7.01) | |
| High/Low | 11/14 | 0.57 | (0.19–1.67) | 0.59 | (0.20–1.80) | |
| High/High | 22/27 | 0.68 | (0.27–1.72) | 0.85 | (0.32–2.24) | |
| Soy products & dairy products | ||||||
| Low/Low | 31/24 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | |
| Low/High | 18/17 | 0.81 | (0.31–2.10) | 0.87 | (0.33–2.34) | |
| High/Low | 19/16 | 0.69 | (0.25–1.87) | 0.68 | (0.24–1.93) | |
| High/High | 14/25 | 0.32 | (0.12–0.83) | 0.28 | (0.10–0.78) | |
| Fruits & vegetables | ||||||
| Low/Low | 28/23 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | |
| Low/High | 25/17 | 1.30 | (0.49–3.43) | 2.22 | (0.76–6.55) | |
| High/Low | 12/17 | 0.52 | (0.19–1.45) | 0.55 | (0.19–1.58) | |
| High/High | 17/25 | 0.67 | (0.23–1.94) | 0.99 | (0.32–3.02) | |
| Fruits & dairy products | ||||||
| Low/Low | 35/23 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | |
| Low/High | 18/17 | 0.62 | (0.24–1.59) | 0.71 | (0.27–1.88) | |
| High/Low | 15/17 | 0.57 | (0.21–1.57) | 0.53 | (0.19–1.50) | |
| High/High | 14/25 | 0.32 | (0.11–0.92) | 0.28 | (0.09–0.83) | |
| Vegetables & dairy products | ||||||
| Low/Low | 31/25 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | |
| Low/High | 9/15 | 0.38 | (0.12–1.16) | 0.39 | (0.12–1.26) | |
| High/Low | 19/15 | 1.24 | (0.46–3.37) | 1.43 | (0.49–4.14) | |
| High/High | 23/27 | 0.80 | (0.32–2.01) | 1.12 | (0.42–2.99) | |
OR, odds ratios; CI, confidence interval.
1)Model I: adjusted for age, sex body mass index (≤ 22.99, 23.0–24.99, ≥ 25, or missing), education level (≤ middle school, ≥ high school, or missing), family history of gastric cancer (no or yes), smoking status (never, past, or current smokers), alcohol consumption (never, past, < 20 g/day for women or < 40 g/day for men, or ≥ 20 g/day for women or ≥ 40 g/day for men), hospital (Chungnam University Hospital or Hanyang University Guri Hospital), and total energy intake (continuous).
2)Model II: model I + further adjusted for log intakes of each other food groups.
*In each food group, those above the median value were classified as high intake, while those below the median value were classified as low intake.