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. 2023 Jan 30;8:40. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-01219-0

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — FMT from 6 M to 2 M mice significantly exacerbated psoriasis-like skin phenotype and increased the infiltration of Th17 cells into the ear by changing the composition of intestinal microbiota. a Scheme of the experimental design. b Macroscopic characteristics of the ears in FMT, Control and Donor mice. c PASI score of ears. d Representative H&E staining of ears (Scale bars: 50 μm). e Baker scoring. f Average epidermal thickness. g, h Relative mRNA expression of IL-17A and S100A7 in ears. i, j Analysis of Th17 cells (CD4⁺ IL-17⁺) by flow cytometry in ears and DLNs. k Number of Th17 cells in ears. l Percentage of Th17 cells in CD4⁺ cells. m Relative mRNA expression of IL-23 in ears. n, o Relative abundance (%) of Parabacteroides distasonis and Prevotella dentalis in the Fecal contents of FMT, Control and Donor mice. p PcoA of unweighted UniFrac distance. q Taxonomic distributions of bacteria. Data presented as mean ± SD on relevant graphs. *P ≤ 0.05; **P ≤ 0.01; ***P ≤ 0.005; Two-tailed Student’s t-test was used in (c–m) and one-way ANOVA was used in (n, o). (n = 7) in (c–h, m). (n = 6) in (i–l). Control (n = 7), FMT (n = 7) and Donor (n = 6) in (n–q)