Table 1.
Demographic indices of the SGA infants and AGA controls.
| Variable | SGA group n = 18 | AGA group n = 18 | p value (Group) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal characteristics | |||
| Maternal age | 25.2 (7.2) | 28.2 (6.1) | 0.85 |
| Maternal height, cm | 160.6 (5.7) | 161.1 (4.8) | 0.75 |
| Maternal weight, kg | 63.8 (11.3) | 74.6 (12.5) | 0.01 |
| Maternal BMI, Kg/m2 | 24.7 (4.3) | 28.7 (4.4) | 0.01 |
| Maternal smoking | 5 (27.8) | 7 (38.8) | 0.49 |
| Maternal nulliparity, % | 10 (55.6) | 5 (27.7) | 0.09 |
| Maternal diabetes | 0 | 1 (5.5) | 0.32 |
| Maternal hypertensive | 0 | 2 (11.1) | 0.15 |
| Mode of delivery, % | |||
| Vaginal | 11 (61) | 11 (61) | 0.9 |
| Cesarean | 7 (39) | 7 (39) | |
| Fetal Characteristics | |||
| Gestational age at enrollment, weeks | 32 (1) | 31(2) | 0.4 |
| Fetal MCA PI | 1.5 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.2) | <.001 |
| Fetal UA PI | 1.1 (0.2) | 2.1 (0.3) | <.001 |
| Neonatal Characteristics | |||
| Gestational age at delivery, weeks | 38 ± 1.5 | 38 ± 1.2 | 0.41 |
| Birth weight, grams | 2331 ± 345 | 3332 ± 405 | <.001 |
| Birth weight percentile | 2.1 (2.6) | 46.6 (26.1) | <.01 |
| Birth weight < 3rd centile | 14 (77.8) | – | <.001 |
| Head circumference, cm | 31 ± 1.8 | 33 ± 1.4 | <.001 |
| BSA | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.01 | <.001 |
| Male sex, n | 8 (44.5) | 8 (44.5) | 0.9 |
| Apgar score at 5 min | 8 (8–9) | 9 (8–10) | .09 |
| Apgar score at 10 min | 9 (9–10) | 9 (9–10) | 0.27 |
| Cord blood pH | 7.2 (0.1) | 7.2 (0.1) | 0.15 |
BMI, body mass index; MCA, middle cerebral artery; UA, umbilical artery; PI, pulsatility index. Data are presented as mean ± SD, median (range) or frequency (percentage). P values are the result of independent-samples T test with significance set at p < 0.05.