Table 1.
Characteristics of children and young adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 following CAR T
| Asymptomatic infection (N=13) |
Mild COVID-19 (N=37) |
Moderate COVID-19 (N=11) |
Severe COVID-19 (n=6)+MIS-C (N=3) | Total (N=70) | P value | |
| Age (years), median (range) | 9.0 (4.0–18.0) | 16 (1.6–25.0) | 21 (11.0–27.0) | 17 (1.0–20.0) | 16.0 (1.0–27.0) | 0.0008 |
| Sex (% female) | 6/31 (19.4) | 17/31 (54.8) | 4/31 (12.9) | 4/31 (12.9) | 31/70 (44.3) | p=0.9524 |
| BMI percentile, n (%) | p=0.3133 | |||||
| <85% | 6/47 (12.8) | 26/47 (55.3) | 9/47 (19.1) | 6/47 (12.8) | 47/70 (67.1) | |
| 85%–94% (overweight) | 3/13 (23.1) | 6/13 (46.2%) | 1/13 (7.7%) | 3/13 (23.1) | 13/70 (18.6) | |
| 95%–100% (obese) | 4/10 (40.0) | 5/10 (50.0) | 1/10 (10.0) | 0/10 (0) | 10/70 (14.3) | |
| Cancer in remission at time of SARS-CoV-2 infection, n (%) | 13/67 (19.4) | 36/67 (53.7) | 11/67 (16.4%) | 7/67 (10.4) | 67/70 (95.7) | p=0.0838 |
| Undergoing cancer chemotherapy at the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection, n (%) | 0/8 (0) | 5/8 (62.5) | 1/8 (12.5) | 2/8 (25.0) | 8/70 (11.4) | p=0.4856 |
| In B-cell aplasia at the time of infection, n (%) | 10/57 (17.5) | 28/57 (49.1) | 10/57 (17.5) | 9/57 (15.8) | 57/70 (81.4) | 0.2969 |
| On immunoglobulin replacement at time of infection, n (%) | 13/60 (21.7) | 29/60 (48.3) | 11/60 (18.3) | 7/60 (11.7) | 60/70 (85.7) | 0.1047 |
| Infection during Omicron dominant strain (12/11/21+), n (%) | 5/23 (21.7) | 17/23 (73.9) | 1/23 (4.3) | 0/23 (0) | 23/70 (32.9) | 0.0163 |
| 2+ comorbidities present, n (%) | 1/14 (7.1) | 3/14 (21.4) | 3/14 (21.4) | 7/14 (50.0) | 14/70 (20.0) | <0.0001 |
| Comorbidities (n), median (range) | 1.0 (0.0–3.0) | 0.0 (0.0–4.0) | 0.0 [0.0–3.0) | 2.0 (0.0–3.0) | 1.0 (0.0–1.0) | 0.0526 |
| History of SCT prior to infection (% yes) | 3/24 (12.5) | 11/24 (45.8) | 7/24 (29.2) | 3/24 (12.5) | 24/70 (34.3) | 0.1527 |
| Timing of SCT relative to CAR T-cell infusion, n (%) | 0.2503 | |||||
| No SCT | 10/46 (21.7) | 26/46 (56.5) | 4/46 (8.7) | 6/46 (13.0) | 46/70 (65.7) | |
| SCT pre-CAR T-cell infusion | 2/17 (11.8) | 9/17 (52.9) | 5/17 (29.4) | 1/17 (5.9) | 17/70 (24.2) | |
| SCT post-CAR T-cell infusion | 1/7 (14.3) | 2/7 (28.6) | 2/7 (28.6) | 2/7 (28.6) | 7/70 (10) | |
| CAR T product received most recently, n (%) | 0.0809 | |||||
| Tisagenlecleucel (CTL019, Kymriah) | 7/47 (14.9) | 23/47 (48.9) | 10/47 (21.3) | 6/47 (12.8) | 47/70 (67.1) | |
| Humanized CART19 (CTL119 Penn) | 5/17 (29.4) | 11/17 (64.7) | 0/17 (0.0) | 1/17 (5.9) | 17/70 (24.3) | |
| CART 22 (Penn) | 0/1 (0) | 0/1 (0) | 1/1 (100) | 0/1 (0) | 1/70 (1.4) | |
| Seattle Children’s Research Institute CAR19, JCAR017 | 1/4 (25.0) | 2/4 (50.0 | 0/4 (0) | 1/4 (25.0) | 4/70 (5.7) | |
| Other | 0/1 (0) | 0/1 (0) | 0/1 (0) | 1/1 (100) | 1/70 (1.4) |
Patients are grouped into asymptomatic infection (no symptoms), mild COVID-19 (experienced symptoms but did not require admission), moderate COVID-19 (required admission for fever or oxygen therapy, including nasal cannula or blow-by oxygen), severe COVID-19 (symptomatic and required intensive care admission and/or high flow nasal cannula, non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation, advanced airway and mechanical ventilation, and vasopressor support), and MIS-C (those who met the CDC definition of MIS-C). The severe COVID-19 and MIS-C groups were combined as they both represent severe manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Groups are compared with Kruskal-Wallis or χ2 or Fisher’s exact tests with significance set as p value of p<0.05.
BMI, body mass index; CAR, chimeric antigen receptor; SCT, stem cell transplant.