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. 2023 Jan 16;13:1101429. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1101429

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Copyright © 2023 Jalandra, Makharia, Sharma and Kumar

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Micrographs of the rectum (A-D) and histological score of all groups (E). H & E sections of rectum from mice exposed to TMA intraperitoneally (IP) (C) and intrarectally (IR) (D) or negative control (A) or vehicle control (B) are shown. Severe inflammation characterized by severe cellular infiltration persisted in the colon of mice exposed to TMA intrarectally (D) compared to negative and vehicle control. The histology scores for the inflammation of these groups are summarized in (E). Black star points to cellular infiltration and black arrow represents crypt distortion in TMA exposed mice rectum. The histological score showed a significant increase in inflammation after TMA exposure. *p<0.05.