Table 1.
High-income countries (n=2863) |
Upper-middle-income countries (n=2699) |
Lower-middle-income and low-income countries (n=883) |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asymptomatic (n=1446) | Mild symptoms (n=746) | Severe symptoms (n=671) | Asymptomatic (n=927) | Mild symptoms (n=641) | Severe symptoms (n=1131) | Asymptomatic (n=406) | Mild symptoms (n=194) | Severe symptoms (n=283) | ||
Inhaled medicine* | ||||||||||
SABA (n=3628) | 442 (30·6%) | 513 (68·8%) | 545 (81·2%) | 315 (34·0%) | 482 (75·2%) | 965 (85·3%) | 119 (29·3%) | 90 (46·4%) | 157 (55·5%) | |
LABA (n=200) | 17 (1·2%) | 30 (4·0%) | 31 (4·6%) | 10 (1·1%) | 19 (3·0%) | 32 (2·8%) | 17 (4·2%) | 17 (8·8%) | 27 (9·5%) | |
Corticosteroids (n=2003) | 283 (19·6%) | 298 (40·0%) | 348 (51·9%) | 141 (15·2%) | 244 (38·1%) | 527 (46·6%) | 51 (12·6%) | 46 (23·7%) | 65 (23·0%) | |
Corticosteroids and LABA† (n=1036) | 122 (8·4%) | 142 (19·0%) | 186 (27·7%) | 83 (9·0%) | 136 (21·2%) | 258 (22·8%) | 30 (7·4%) | 28 (14·4%) | 51 (18·0%) | |
Any inhaled medicine (n=4088) | 527 (36·4%) | 550 (73·7%) | 588 (87·6%) | 384 (41·4%) | 533 (83·2%) | 1014 (89·7%) | 158 (38·9%) | 120 (61·9%) | 214 (75·6%) | |
Oral medicine* | ||||||||||
LTRA (n=1243) | 115 (8·0%) | 134 (18·0%) | 162 (24·1%) | 128 (13·8%) | 203 (31·7%) | 369 (32·6%) | 34 (8·4%) | 33 (17·0%) | 65 (23·0%) | |
Corticosteroids (n=1309) | 95 (6·6%) | 181 (24·3%) | 259 (38·6%) | 92 (9·9%) | 133 (20·7%) | 335 (29·6%) | 75 (18·5%) | 52 (26·8%) | 87 (30·7%) | |
SABA (n=1573) | 162 (11·2%) | 188 (25·2%) | 232 (34·6%) | 151 (16·3%) | 208 (32·4%) | 468 (41·4%) | 38 (9·4%) | 46 (23·7%) | 80 (28·3%) | |
Theophylline (n=319) | 28 (1·9%) | 28 (3·8%) | 32 (4·8%) | 25 (2·7%) | 26 (4·1%) | 46 (4·1%) | 42 (10·3%) | 36 (18·6%) | 56 (19·8%) | |
Any oral medicine (n=3014) | 285 (19·7%) | 331 (44·4%) | 413 (61·5%) | 296 (31·9%) | 413 (64·4%) | 820 (72·5%) | 161 (39·7%) | 107 (55·2%) | 188 (66·4%) | |
Asthma management plan (n=4049) | 756 (52·3%) | 435 (58·3%) | 473 (70·5%) | 597 (64·4%) | 447 (69·7%) | 818 (72·3%) | 214 (52·7%) | 112 (57·7%) | 197 (69·6%) |
Data are n (%) where denominators are the total number in each symptom severity category per income group. Percentages with 95% CIs clustered by centre are provided in appendix 2 (p 5). SABA=short-acting β2 agonist. LABA=long-acting β2 agonist. LTRA=leukotriene receptor antagonist.
Drug therapy groups are not mutually exclusive and participants could be represented in more than one group.
Combined in the same inhaler; patients using LABA and corticosteroids in separate inhalers were included in the corresponding single-agent treatment groups.