Table 4.
Univariate and multivariable analyses to identify predictors for adverse outcome (n = 121)
| Univariate analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sl. no. | Variables | Adverse outcome (n = 32) | No adverse outcome (n = 89) | Odds ratio | p-value |
| n (%) | n (%) | (95% CI) | |||
| 1 | Age <6 months | 19 (59.4) | 5 (65.2) | 0.78 (0.34–1.8) | 0.559 |
| 2 | Underweight (WAZ <–2 SD) | 20 (62.5) | 61 (68.5) | 0.765 (0.32–1.77) | 0.553 |
| 3 | Shock at admission | 17 (53.1) | 17 (19.1) | 4.8 (2–11.5) | <0.001 |
| 4 | Coma (GCS <8) | 5 (15.6) | 5 (5.6) | 3.11 (0.83–11.5) | 0.678 |
| 5 | Ventilation at admission | 14 (43.8) | 1 (1.1) | 68.44 (8.4–554.0) | <0.001 |
| 6 | Acute kidney injury | 22 (68.8) | 48 (53.9) | 1.87 (0.8–4.4) | 0.145 |
| 7 | Renal replacement therapy | 4 (12.5) | 0 (0) | 4.17 (3.0–5.7) | 0.004 |
| 8 | sNAGMA > Grade I | 24 (75) | 47 (52.8) | 2.11 (1.03–4.31) | 0.04 |
| 9 | Anemia (Hb ≤10 gm/dL) | 20 (64.5) | 38 (45.2) | 0.45 (0.19–1.06) | 0.067 |
| 10 | Hyponatremia (≤134 mmol/L) | 3 (9.3) | 11 (12.3) | 0.73 (0.19–2.8) | 0.75 |
| 11 | Hypernatremia (>146 mmol/L) | 15 (46.8) | 39 (43.8) | 1.06 (0.4–2.3) | 0.87 |
| 12 | Hypokalemia (≤3.4 mmol/L) | 6 (18.7) | 16 (17.9) | 1.05 (0.3–2.9) | 0.9 |
| 13 | Hyperkalemia (>5.5 mmol/L) | 5 (15.6) | 14 (15.7) | 0.95 (0.3–2.9) | 0.95 |
| 14 | Hyperlactatemia (>2 mmol/L) (n = 109) | 17 (58.6) (n = 29) | 50 (62.5) (n = 80) | 0.94 (0.47–1.88) | 0.71 |
| Multivariable analysis | |||||
| Variables | Regression co-efficient (SE) | Odds ratio | 95% CI | p-value | |
| 1 | Shock at admission | 0.538 | 4.25 | 1.49–12.13 | 0.007 |
| 2 | Ventilation at admission | 1.108 | 0.026 | 0.003–0.231 | 0.001 |
| 3 | sNAGMA > Grade I | 0.566 | 0.56 | 0.19–1.69 | 0.31 |
| 4 | Renal replacement therapy | 23076.91 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.99 |
WAZ, weight for age Z-score, GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale, sNAGMA, severe non-anion-gap metabolic acidemia