Table 1.

GPCR Dimers and potential roles in neurodegenerative diseases.

Heterodimer	GPCR Class	Clinical Relevance	Crosstalk	References
DRD1-DRD2	Class A	PD Schizophrenia Autism Addiction Depression	Positive crosstalk	[461, 462, 464, 478, 486-488, 492, 495-497, 499, 501, 910, 911]
DRD1-DRD3	Class A	PD	Positive crosstalk	[477, 504-510]
DRD2-DRD3	Class A	PD Schizophrenia Autism ADHD	Positive crosstalk	[484, 513-517, 910]
DRD2-DRD4	Class A	PD	Positive crosstalk	[476, 521, 522]
DRD5-DRD2	Class A	Depression	Positive crosstalk	[493, 523]
A1R-DRD1	Class A	PD Schizophrenia Addiction	Negative crosstalk	[459, 524, 525, 527, 529-532, 565, 912-914]
A2AR-DRD2	Class A	PD Schizophrenia Addiction	Negative crosstalk	[72, 461, 529, 533-542, 915-918]
A2AR-DRD3	Class A	Schizophrenia	Negative crosstalk	[552]
DRD1-H3R	Class A	ADHD Schizophrenia Addiction	Positive crosstalk	[554-557]
DRD2-H3R	Class A	PD	Negative crosstalk	[558, 559]
DRD2-SST5R	Class A	Depression	Positive crosstalk	[561-563, 919]
DRD2-NTS1R	Class A	PD Schizophrenia	Negative crosstalk	[564-569]
DRD2-TAA1R	Class A	Schizophrenia	Negative crosstalk	[313, 324, 570-572]
DRD2-OTR	Class A	Anxiety Autism	Positive crosstalk	[573, 574, 910]
DRD2-GHS-R1a	Class A	Eating disorders	Negative crosstalk	[582, 920, 921]
A1R-A2AR	Class A	Drug tolerance	Negative crosstalk	[458, 560, 583, 585-588]
A1R-5-HT2AR	Class A	Schizophrenia Anxiety	Negative crosstalk	[591, 592]
A2AR-H3R	Class A	PD	Negative crosstalk	[593, 922]
MOR-DOR	Class A	Chronic pain	Positive crosstalk	[601, 605-614, 923, 924]
MOR-KOR	Class A	Chronic pain	Positive crosstalk	[602, 604, 615]
MOR-α2AR	Class A	Addiction	Negative crosstalk	[604, 616-619, 925-928]
MOR-GPR139	Class A	Chronic pain	Negative crosstalk	[604, 623]
MOR-V1BR	Class A	Chronic pain Morphine tolerance	Positive crosstalk	[604, 624]
MOR-GAL1R	Class A	Chronic pain Addiction	Positive crosstalk	[604, 625, 626]
MOR-CB1R	Class A	Chronic pain	Negative crosstalk	[604, 627, 629-633]
MOR-CCKBR	Class A	Chronic pain	Negative crosstalk	[604, 616]
MOR-CCR5	Class A	Chronic pain	Negative crosstalk	[636, 637]
MOR-DRD1	Class A	PD Addiction	Negative crosstalk	[639]
MOR-DRD2	Class A	Addiction	Negative crosstalk	[640-643]
5-HT1Ar-5-HT2Ar	Class A	Depression	Negative crosstalk	[646-649]
5-HT2A-5-HT2B	Class A	Addiction Depression	Negative crosstalk	[651, 652, 655]
5-HT2Ar-5-HT2Cr	Class A	Addiction Depression	Negative crosstalk	[651, 652, 655, 929, 930]
5-HT1Ar-5-HT7r	Class A	Depression Anxiety Schizophrenia Addiction	Negative crosstalk	[656, 657, 659, 660]
5-HT1AR-DRD2	Class A	Schizophrenia	Positive crosstalk	[648, 661-665]
5-HT2AR-DRD2	Class A	Schizophrenia Autism	Positive crosstalk	[565, 662, 663, 666, 910]
5-HT1AR-GAL1R	Class A	Depression	Negative crosstalk	[668, 670, 672, 674, 675]
5-HT2AR-OTR	Class A	Anxiety Autism Depression	Negative crosstalk	[676, 910]
5-HT2CR-OTR	Class A	Depression	Negative crosstalk	[681]
5-HT2CR-MT2R	Class A	Depression Anxiety	Positive crosstalk	[682-687]
5-HT1Ar-MOR	Class A	Chronic pain	Positive crosstalk	[688]
CB1R-CB2R	Class A	AD PD	Positive crosstalk	[687, 698-700]
CB1R-DRD1	Class A	PD	Positive crosstalk	[707-710]
CB1R-DRD2	Class A	PD Schizophrenia Addiction Autism	Negative crosstalk	[704, 713-716, 718-720, 722, 910, 931]
CB1R-A2AR	Class A	Depression	Negative crosstalk	[723, 724, 726]
CB1R-5-HT2AR	Class A	Addiction Anxiety	Positive crosstalk	[731, 738]
GAL1R-GAL2R	Class A	Depression Anxiety	Positive crosstalk	[740, 741]
AT1R-AT2R	Class A	PD	Positive crosstalk	[742-744]
mGlu1R-mGlu5R	Class C	PD AD Schizophrenia Autism	Unknow	[35, 826]
mGlu2R - mGlu4R	Class C	PD AD Schizophrenia	Negative crosstalk	[824, 825, 932]
GABAB1R- GABAB2R	Class C	Nonspecific neurological diseases	Positive crosstalk	[806-811, 933]
DRD1-mGlu5R	Class A and C	PD	Positive crosstalk	[831]
A1R-mGlu1R	Class A and C	Schizophrenia	Negative crosstalk	[834-836]
5-HT2AR-mGlu2R	Class A and C	Schizophrenia Autism	Negative crosstalk	[838, 839, 841, 910, 934, 935]
MOR-mGlu5R	Class A and C	Chronic pain Addiction	Negative crosstalk	[846, 847]
A2AR-CB1R-DRD2	Class A	Schizophrenia	Negative crosstalk	[533, 704, 721, 722, 726, 848, 857-864]
A2AR-DRD2-mGlu5R	Class A and C	PD Schizophrenia Addiction Autism	Negative crosstalk	[865, 866, 868, 910]