Table 4.

Anti-thyroid antibodies in multiple pregnancies.

Authors and year of publication	Thyroid autoimmunity
Ashoor, Muto et al. 2013	• The prevalence of TPOAb or TgAb (+) was 15.7% in the whole studied TP population, 14.1% in women in DC TP, 20.7% in MC TP and 10.5% in TTTS group • TSH was higher in ATA (+) group, but FT4 and β-HCG were not different compared to ATA (-) group • TSH was above the 97.5th pc in 29.4% in both ATA (TPOAb and TgAb (+)) groups compared to 2.0% of the ATA (-) group • There was no difference in the proportion of FT4 below the 2.5th pc between the ATA (+) and ATA (-) groups
Šálek, Dhaifalah et al. 2019	• The prevalence of TPOAb (+) hypothyroid women was 71% vs 52% for TP and SP, respectively, but the difference was not significant
Jiang, Sun et al. 2019	• The prevalence of TPOAb (+) was 14% in women with TP
Chen, Yang et al. 2021	The prevalence of TPOAb (+) was 10.8% in women with TP (vs 10.3% in SP – no statistical difference) • During late pregnancy, TSH level did not differ between TPOAb (+) and TPOAb (-) women with both TP and SP
Liu, Su et al. 2022	• The prevalence of TPOAb (+) was 10.4% in women with TP