Table 1.
Characteristics of studies enrolled.
| Study | Country | Study design | N (ADT + RT/RT) | Age/years | ADT+RT | RT | NOS score | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADT+RT | RT | |||||||
| Nabid, A 2021 (19) | Canada | RCT | 200/200 | 71(54-80) | 71(50-79) | (Bicalutamide 50mg/d + Goserelin 10.8mg/3 months, 6 months) + 3D-CRT: 76Gy | 3D-CRT: 76Gy | – |
| Krauss, D. J 2021 (20) | American | RCT | 742/750 | – | – | (LHRH Agonists/Antagonists + Antiandrogen, 6 months) + EBRT: 79.2 Gy or (EBRT: 45 Gy + LDR/HDR -BT) | EBRT: 79.2 Gy or (EBRT: 45 Gy + LDR/HDR-BT) | – |
| Thorpe, C. S 2021 (21) | American | RCT | 55/55 | – | – | LHRH Agonists, 6 months + moderately hypofractionated PBT: 70Gy/28f | moderately hypofractionated PBT: 70Gy/28f | – |
| Vargas, C. E 2019 (22) | American | RCT | 56/60 | 65.5(51-76) | 68.3(49-76) | LHRH Agonists, 6 months + IMRT: 81Gy/45f or (IMRT: 45Gy/25f + BT: 103Pd 100 Gy) | IMRT: 81Gy/45f or (IMRT: 45Gy/25f + BT: 103Pd 100 Gy) | – |
| Dubray, B. M 2016 (23) | France | RCT | 179/191 | – | – | (Flutamide + Triptorelin, 4months) + EBRT: 80Gy/40f | EBRT: 80Gy/40f | – |
| Jones, C. U 2011 (24) | American | RCT | 524/544 | – | – | (Flutamide 750 mg/d or Goserelin 3.6mg/m or Leuprolide 7.5mg/m, 4 months) + EBRT: 66.6Gy/37f | EBRT: 66.6Gy/37f | – |
| Post, C 2022 (25) | American | Retrospective | 94/166 | 67.3 | 66.9 | (Bicalutamide 50mg/d and LHRH Agonists, 6 months) + IMRT: 78Gy/39f or 70Gy/35f | IMRT: 78Gy/39f or 70Gy/35f | 7 |
| Pickles, T 2017 (26) | Canada | Retrospective | 121/139 | 67(52-83) | 68(43-84) | ADT, 6 months + LDR- BT | LDR-BT | 6 |
| Dong,Y 2017 (16) | American | Retrospective | 155/979 | – | – | ADT + 3D-CRT/IMRT: 74-80Gy/70.2Gy | 3D-CRT/IMRT: 74-80Gy/70.2Gy | 6 |
| Boladeras, A 2016 (27) | Spain | Retrospective | 163/183 | – | – | (Leuprorelin/Triptorelin/Goserelin + Bicalutamide) + 3D-CRT:< 76Gy (before 2000.08) or ≥76 Gy (after 2000.08) | 3D-CRT:< 76Gy (before 2000.08) or ≥76 Gy (after 2000.08) | 6 |
| Schiffmann, J 2014 (28) | Germany | Retrospective | 84/97 | – | – | ADT + (3D-CRT: 50.4Gy/28f + HDR-BT) | 3D-CRT: 50.4Gy/28f + HDR-BT | 7 |
| Schreiber, D 2014 (29) | American | Retrospective | 62/141 | 70(49-85) | ADT + (3D-CRT (2003-2006)/IMRT (2006-2010)/IMRT + IGRT (after 2010), ≥75.6Gy) | 3D-CRT (2003-2006)/IMRT (2006-2010)/IMRT + IGRT (after 2010), ≥75.6Gy | 6 | |
| Cabeza Rodriguez, M 2013 (30) | Spain | Retrospective | 40/145 | – | – | ADT + 3D-CRT: 76Gy | 3D-CRT: 76Gy | 6 |
| Edelman, S 2012 (31) | American | Retrospective | 123/173 | 68.3 | 66.4 | (LHRH Agonists, 4-6 months +/- Testosterone Receptor Antagonists, 1-4 months) + (IMRT≥72Gy +/- IGRT) |
IMRT≥72Gy +/- IGRT | 8 |
| Stock, R. G 2010 (32) | American | Retrospective | 350/82 | – | – | (LHRH Agonists +/- Antiandrogen) + (3D-CRT/IMRT: 39.6-61.2Gy/22-34f + BT (103Pd 100Gy or 125I 125Gy)) | 3D-CRT/IMRT: 39.6-61.2Gy/22-34f + BT (103Pd 100Gy or 125I 125Gy) | 8 |
ADT, androgen deprivation therapy; RT, radiotherapy; NOS, Newcastle–Ottawa scale; RCT, randomized controlled trial; 3D-CRT, 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy; LHRH, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone; EBRT, external beam radiotherapy; LDR, low-dose-rate; HDR, high-dose-rate; BT, brachytherapy; PBT, proton beam therapy; IMRT, intensity modulated radiation therapy; IGRT, image-guided radiation therapy.