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. 2023 Jan 17;13:1054216. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1054216

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Copyright © 2023 Zhang, Zhang, Liu, Pi, Jiang, Ainiwaer, Mao, Chen, Ran, Sun, Li, Yao, Chang and Yan

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Biosynthesis of piRNA. (A) Production of piRNA precursors (B) Primary synthesis after transcription (C) ”Ping-pong” amplification mechanism. Trf2, TATA box-binding protein-related factor 2; Del, Deadlock; Cuff, Cutoff; YR, pyrimidin purine; PAS, polyadenylation signal sequence; Armi, Armitage; Zuc, Zucchini; Hen 1, methyltransferase Hen1; Nbr, Nibbler; MeO, methoxyl.