Fig. 4.

TRIM27 promotes the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in intestinal crypts. a Immunoblot analysis of the Lgr5 protein level in intestinal tissues from 16-week-old Trim27^+/+ and Trim27^-/- mice. b Representative images of small intestinal and large intestinal organoids formed by crypts of 16-week-old Trim27^+/+ and Trim2^-/- mice. Scale bars, 200 μm. c, d Quantification of the surface area of small intestinal (c) and large intestinal (d) organoids formed by crypts as described in b. Five randomly selected organoids were analyzed per group. e, f The small intestinal (e) and large intestinal (f) organoid-forming efficiency of crypts as described in b. Five randomly selected microscopic fields were analyzed per group. g, h qPCR analysis of Wnt3a mRNA expression in intestinal crypts isolated from the SI (g) and LI (h) of 16-week-old Trim27^+/+ and Trim27^-/- mice. i, j qPCR analysis of Axin2 mRNA expression in intestinal crypts isolated from the SI (i) and LI (j) of mice as described in g. k, l qPCR analysis of Myc mRNA expression in intestinal crypts isolated from the SI (k) and LI (l) of mice as described in g. m Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) results for the Wnt signaling pathway in IBS-D. FDR, false discovery rate. In c–l, statistical analyses were performed using unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. The data are presented as the means ± SEMs (c–f, n = 5) or in box-and-whisker plots displaying the medians, interquartile ranges (boxes) and minima and maxima (whiskers) (g–l, n = 5). **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001