FIGURE 1.
Stress and hypoxia mediated increase of the tryptophan derived metabolic kynurenine 128 pathway in detriment of 5-HT generation. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), being upregulated 129 by stress, enhances toxic kynurenine signaling. By reducing tryptophan hidroxylase (TPH) activities, 130 hypoxia concomitantly diminishes 5-HT availability.