Table 2.
Distribution of ultrasound measurements (CSA, ΔCSA, ΔTpT) according to age range in HHCs and upper normal limit in HVs.
| Variables | Age range (years) | 04–15 | 15–30 | 31–45 | 46–60 | Upper normal Limit (HVs) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (15–60 y) | (mean + 2 SD) | ||||||
| (n) Men | 7 | 14 | 10 | 3 | 27 | – | |
| (n) Women | 7 | 15 | 19 | 8 | 42 | – | |
| (n) Total (right + left) | 28 | 58 | 58 | 22 | 138 | – | |
| Mean ± SP [median] | 10.3 ± 2.9 [11] | 23.2 ± 4.7 [22] | 36.3 ± 4.0 [37] | 52.3 ± 4.4 [52] | 29.2 ± 13.5 [29] | – | |
| Site | Mean ±SD [median] | ||||||
| Peripheral nerve CSA (mm2) | Med CT | 7.2 ± 2.0 [7.1] | 10.3 ± 10.3 [9.0] | 10.7 ± 3.0 [10.0] | 12.9 ± 4.0 [11.7] | 10.9 ± 3.3 [10.0] | 10.2 |
| UT | 5.2 ± 1.4 [5] | 7.0 ± 1.8 [7] | 8.0 ± 1.9 [7.9] | 9.1 ± 4.5 [8] | 7.7 ± 2.3 [7.5] | 9.8 | |
| UPT | 5.3 ± 1.5 [5.2] | 6.5 ± 1.5 [6.6] | 7.2 ± 1.7 [7] | 8.2 ± 3.2 [7.0] | 7.0 ± 2.0 [7] | 9.3 | |
| CFFH | 9.4 ± 2.7 [10] | 15.3 ± 4.2 [14.6] | 17.5 ± 5.1 [16.5] | 15.4 ± 4.1 [14.4] | 16.2 ± 4.6 [15.3] | 18.3 | |
| T | 6.4 ± 1.8 [6.9] | 8.1 ± 2.4 [8] | 9.8 ± 2.8 [9.8] | 9.3 ± 3.4 [8.0] | 9.0 ± 2.8 [8.7] | – | |
| ΔCSA (mm2) | Med CT | 1.3 ±1.3 [1.0] | 2.0 ± 1.2 [2.0] | 1.4 ± 1.1 [1] | 2.8 ± 3.5 [1.5] | 1.8 ± 1.8 [1.2] | 2.2 |
| UT | 0.7 ± 0.6 [0.9] | 1.3 ± 1.5 [1] | 1.3 ± 1.1 [1.0] | 1.8 ± 1.2 [2.0] | 1.4 ± 1.2 [1.0] | 3.1 | |
| UPT | 0.7 ± 0.9 [0.5] | 1.3 ± 1.2 [1] | 1.5 ± 1.3 [1.0] | 1.9 ± 1.8 [1] | 1.5 ± 1.4 [1.0] | 1.4 | |
| CFFH | 1.7 ± 1.7 [1] | 2.9± 3.2 [1.7] | 3.2 ± 3.1 [2] | 1.9 ± 1.4 [2] | 2.8 ± 2.9 [2] | 2.3 | |
| T | 1.0 ± 1.0 [1] | 1.7 ± 1.8 [1.4] | 1.8 ± 2.0 [1.0] | 1.4 ± 1.5 [1.0] | 1.7 ± 1.8 [1.0] | – | |
| ΔTpT (mm2) | Ulnar (UT and UPT) | 0.7 ± 0.6 [0.9] | 1.1 ± 0.9 [1] | 1.3 ± 1.4 [1] | 2.1 ± 1.9 [1.5] | 1.3 ± 1.3 [1] | 2.6 |
| Analysis of new neural sites | |||||||
| Total n = 48 | 6 | 10 | 26 | 6 | 42 | – | |
| Peripheral nerve CSA (mm2) | Med pCT | 4.9 ± 0.87 [4.6] | 7.9 ± 2.3 [7.2] | 8.4 ± 2.0 [8.2] | 11.6 ± 3.6 [10.3] | 8.7 ± 2.6 [8.3] | – |
| ΔCSA (mm2) | Med pCT | 0.7 ± 0.7 [0.4] | 1.5 ± 1.1 [0.9] | 1.3 ± 1.7 [0.7] | 2.8 ± 3.3 [1.7] | 1.5 ± 1.8 [0.9] | – |
| ΔTpT (mm2) - | Median (CT and pCT) | 0.9 ± 0.9 [0.8] | 1.6 ± 1.0 [1.4] | 2.8 ± 2.2 [2.8] | 4.0 ± 2.9 [3.8] | 2.7 ± 2.2 [2.3] | – |
| Total n = 76 | 10 | 28 | 32 | 6 | 66 | – | |
| Peripheral nerve CSA (mm2) | CFpFH | 7.4 ± 2.2 [7.0] | 13.9 ± 3.4 [14.8] | 17.0 ± 4.4 [15.8] | 19.7 ± 5.7 [18.3] | 15.9 ± 4.4 [15.5] | – |
| ΔCSA (mm2) | CFpFH | 1.1 ± 0.9 [1.0] | 2.4 ± 2.2 [1.3] | 2.8 ± 2.3 [2.5] | 6.3 ± 3.6 [6.3] | 2.9 ± 2.6 [2.0] | – |
| ΔTpT (mm2) | Fibular common (FH e pFH) | 0.6 ± 0.7 [0.3] | 2.9 ± 2.8 [2] | 2.8 ± 2.8 [2.0] | 3.9 ± 2.6 [4.3] | 2.9 ± 2.8 [2.0] | – |
Data are reported as mean ± standard deviation and median (mm2). (n), number; Med, median; CT, carpal tunnel; pCT, proximal to the carpal tunnel; UT, ulnar tunnel; UPT, ulnar pre-tunnel; CFFH, common fibular in the fibula head; T, tibial; CFpFH, common fibular proximal to the fibular head; ΔCSA, difference between the right and left nerves at the same site of assessment; ΔTpT, difference between the same nerve at different sites; HVs, healthy volunteers; HHCs, household contacts of patients with HD.