TABLE 1.
The number of K1 and Mad20 MSP-1 Block2 alleles detected (COIKM) for 683 parasitemic samples from 60 children followed for approximately 3 years, with >200/μl packed RBCs collecteda
| Variable | Variable level | Mean (SE) | Adjusted EE vs. Ref. | N Obs. (part) | 95% CI of EE | P value vs Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Village EIR | High | 3.58 (0.18) | 0.74 | 105 | 0.0–1.5 | 0.0489 |
| Medium | 3.25 (0.08) | 0.59 | 385 | 0.1–1.0 | 0.0090 | |
| Low | 2.79 (0.10) | 0.00 | 193 | |||
| Seasonal EIR | Hyper | 3.20 (0.09) | 0.28 | 305 | 0.0–0.5 | 0.0404 |
| High | 3.12 (0.08) | 0.00 | 378 | |||
| Fever ≥37.5°C | No | 3.19 (0.08) | NT | |||
| Yes | 3.07 (0.10) | |||||
| Paras within 1 mo prior to this paras | COIKM ≥5 | 4.40 (0.24) | 0.53 | 50 | 0.1–1.1 | 0.0372 |
| COIKM 4 | 3.54 (0.25) | 0.29 | 48 | −0.3–0.9 | 0.3247 | |
| COIKM 3 | 3.20 (0.18) | 0.14 | 59 | −0.2–0.6 | 0.4129 | |
| COIKM 2 | 2.88 (0.20) | 0.09 | 66 | −0.3–0.6 | 0.4799 | |
| COIKM 0–1 | 3.11 (0.26) | 0.21 | 36 | −0.2–0.9 | 0.1915 | |
| Tx COIKM 0–9 | 2.98 (0.23) | 0.07 | 92 | −0.3–1.5 | 0.1694 | |
| Aparasitemic | 2.89 (0.17) | 0.00 | 53 | |||
| Fever within 1 mo prior | No | 3.43 (0.10) | 0.54 | 297 | −0.1–1.1 | 0.0773 |
| Yes | 2.88 (0.14) | 0.00 | 121 | |||
| Age (yr) | 2.00–3.00 | 3.67 (0.22) | 0.85 | 95 | 0.2–1.5 | 0.0085 |
| 1.49–1.99 | 3.57 (0.13) | 0.81 | 163 | 0.2–1.4 | 0.0048 | |
| 1.00–1.49 | 2.83 (0.13) | 0.41 | 143 | −0.2–1.0 | 0.1570 | |
| 0.50–0.99 | 2.98 (0.10) | 0.28 | 190 | −0.2–0.7 | 0.2033 | |
| 0.00–0.49 | 2.76 (0.17) | 0.00 | 92 | |||
| Parasite density (n/μl) | 25,001–86,907 | 3.36 (0.18) | NT | 72 | ||
| 10,001–25,000 | 3.27 (0.11) | 123 | ||||
| 5,001–10,000 | 3.43 (0.17) | 105 | ||||
| 2,501–5,000 | 3.39 (0.19) | 93 | ||||
| 500–2,500 | 3.01 (0.14) | 147 | ||||
| 1–500 | 2.76 (0.13) | 130 | ||||
| Sickle cell genotype | AA | 3.25 (0.07) | NT | 493 (43) | ||
| AS | 3.03 (0.14) | 135 (13) | ||||
| SS | 2.55 (0.18) | 29 (4) | ||||
| Sex | Male | 3.32 (0.09) | NT | 288 (28) | ||
| Female | 3.01 (0.09) | 340 (32) | ||||
| Species detected by m.scopy | Pf and Pm | 4.05 (0.28) | NT | 44 | ||
| Pf-Po-Pm | 3.09 (0.58) | 14 | ||||
| Pf only | 2.92 (0.06) | 611 |
a
The GLM controlled for repeated measurements. Variables showing no trend (NT) (P > 0.1) were removed. The mean, standard error (SE), and model-adjusted estimated effect (EE) are shown. The EE is relative to the reference (Ref.): set to 0. Paras = parasitemia. Tx = treated. Mo = month. Pf = P. falciparum. Po-Pm = P. ovale and/or P. malariae. M. scopy = microscopy. The 95% CI tests of differences (P < 0.05) among variable levels.