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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: West J Nurs Res. 2021 Jun 4;44(9):886–898. doi: 10.1177/01939459211019033

Table 2.

Summary of Study Methodologies.

Authors Design Setting Population
Elliott et al. (2010) Randomized, multiple-site clinical trial At home Caregiver (n = 495)
 Age (M): 61.25
 Gender (% female): 83.8
 Race (% Caucasian): 32.2
Person with ADRD (n = 495)
 Age (M): 78.8
 Gender (% female): 55.7
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Figueiro et al. (2015) Longitudinal, pre/post quasi-experiment At home Caregiver (n = 34)
 Age (M):71.8
 Gender (% female): not provided
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Person with ADRD (n = 35)
 Age (M): 80.8
 Gender (% female): not provided
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Fowler et al. (2016) Randomized two-group pre/posttest design At home Caregiver (n = 28)
 Age (M): 63
 Gender (% female): 46
 Race (% Caucasian): 75
Person with ADRD (n = 28)
 Age (M): 82
 Gender (% female): not provided
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Gibson et al. (2017) Mixed methods feasibility study At home Caregiver (n = 15)
 Age (M): not provided
 Gender (% female): not provided
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Person with ADRD (n = 15)
 Age (M): not provided
 Gender (% female): not provided
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Hirano et al. (2011) Randomized two-group design At home Caregiver (n = 31)
 Age (M): 73.7
 Gender (% female): 67.7
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Person with ADRD (n = 31)
 Age (M): 76.9
 Gender (% female): not provided
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Jain et al. (2014) Open label feasibility study In person sessions at in the community Caregiver (n = 10)
 Age (M): 64
 Gender (% female): 100
 Race (% Caucasian): 80
Person with ADRD (n = 10)
 Age (M): not provided
 Gender (% female): not provided
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Korn et al. (2009) RCT At home, specifically within the Native American community Caregiver (n = 42)
 Age: 57% > 50 years
 Gender (% female): 90.5
 Race (% Caucasian): 0
Person with ADRD (n = 42)
 Age: 57.5% are >70
 Gender (% female): not provided
 Race (% Caucasian): 0
Paller et al. (2015) Pre/post quasi-experimental Medical room conference center or local senior center Caregiver (n = 20)
 Age (M): 62.5
 Gender (% female): 80
 Race (% Caucasian): not specified
Person with ADRD (n = 17)
 Age (M): 72.0
 Gender (% female): 29
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Rose et al. (2009) Randomized, double-blind, controlled pilot study At home Caregiver (n = 38)
 Age (M): 74.23
 Gender (% female): 65.8
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Person with ADRD (n = 38)
 Age (M): 76.075
 Gender (% female): not provided
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Rowe et al. (2010) Controlled clinical trial with pretest–posttest control group design and repeated measures, At home Caregiver (n = 45)
 Age (M): 62.165
 Gender (% female): 81
 Race (% Caucasian): 77.5
Person with ADRD (n = 45)
 Age (M): 79.62
 Gender (% female): 50
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Simpson and Carter (2010) Quasi-experimental, repeated measures design Location of caregiver’s choice, usually at home Caregiver (n =10)
 Age (M): 63
 Gender: predominantly women
 Race (% Caucasian): 60
Person with ADRD (n = 10)
 Age (M): not provided
 Gender (% female): not provided
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Sloan et al. (2015) Randomized control trial with crossover At home Caregiver (n =17)
 Age: 41% are >60 years
 Gender (% female): 77
 Race (% Caucasian): 82
Person with ADRD (n = 17)
 Age: 65% are >80 years
 Gender (% female): 65
 Race (% Caucasian): 82
Spring et al. (2009) Qualitative art of a mixed methods study At home Caregiver (n =14)
 Age (M): 63
 Gender (% female): 93
 Race (% Caucasian): 79
Person with ADRD (n = 14)
 Age (M): not provided
 Gender (% female): not provided
 Race (% Caucasian): not provided
Thomas et al. (2019) A case study of one caregiver who participated in two separate studies At home and through telemedicine Caregiver (n = 1)
 Age: 71
 Gender (% female): 100
 Race: not provided
Person with ADRD (n = 1)
 Age: 74
 Gender (% female): 0
 Race: not provided
Williams et al. (2019) Randomized control trial At home Caregiver (n = 83)
 Age (M): 64
 Gender (% female): 71
 Race (% Caucasian): 86
Person with ADRD (n = 71)
 Age (M): 75.7
 Gender (% female): 41
 Race (% Caucasian): 96