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. 2023 Jan 10;12:1100105. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1100105

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Copyright © 2023 Giglio, Campodonico, Lorentino, Noviello, Xue, Greco, Lazzari, Bruno, Lupo Stanghellini, Carrabba, La Starza, Casucci, Bonini, Chiaretti, Peccatori, Foà and Ciceri

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(A) Longitudinal evaluation of total CD3⁺ T cells, anti-CD19 CAR-T cells, CD19⁺ B cells and released cytokines in the patient’s peripheral blood. Absolute counts were evaluated by flow cytometry at several time-points for up to 1 year after CAR-T cell infusion. The pharmacokinetics shows a remarkable CAR-T cell expansion in the first week following infusion (coinciding with CRS onset and resolution), with engineered cells representing nearly 40% of overall T cells, and a subsequent drop in CAR-T cells over time. At day 270, the patient still has a subset of CAR-T cells accounting for around 1% of the total T-cell count. At the time of last follow-up, circulating CAR-T cells had decreased below the detection limit of the assay but B-cell aplasia persists. (B) Evaluation of serum cytokines/chemokines concentrations in the first three weeks after CAR-T cell infusion. The analysis shows a significant peak occurring within the first week after treatment.