a–c BV-2 cells were pre-treated with BAY (5 μM) or roxadustat at the indicated concentrations for 1 h, then co-treated with 1 μg/mL LPS for another 12 h. Protein expression of HIF-1α, NF-κB, p-NF-κB, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α was determined by Western blot with quantitative analysis of band intensity (a and b); mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were determined by qRT-PCR (c). d–f BV-2 cells were transfected with HIF-1α siRNA or the corresponding negative control siRNA for 24 h, then pre-treated with 10 μM roxadustat for 1 h, followed by 1 μg/mL LPS co-treatment for another 12 h. mRNA levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were determined by qRT-PCR (d); protein expression of HIF-1α, NF-κB, p-NF-κB and IL-6 was determined by Western blot with quantitative analysis of band intensity (e and f). #P < 0.05; ##P < 0.01; ###P < 0.001 vs. Control group (Ctrl). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 vs. LPS treated group; ^P < 0.05; ^^P < 0.01; ^^^P < 0.001 vs. siHIF-1α group; $P < 0.05, $$P < 0.01 vs. LPS treated siHIF-1α group, ns: not significantly different (n = 3). Bay: Bay 11-7082; Rox: roxadustat; R2/10/20: roxadustat 2 or 10 or 20 μM.