Fig. 2. The relations between the DoRA behavior and the mGTPase activation level in the circuit without feedback.

a The DoRA behavior improves with the decreased mGTPase activation level when tuning one kinetic parameter in the mass action model. b Numerical validations for results in A by tuning $k_{on}^{mGAP}$. The upper panel: the distance metric vs the mGTPase activation level when increasing $k_{on}^{mGAP}$ (denoted by $k_{on}^{mGAP}$↑) for a given parameter set. The middle panel: percents of maintaining the trend in the upper panel when searching the parameter space $\left\{k_{on}^{mG},k_{on}^{tG}\right\}$. The bottom panel: the distance metric vs the mGTPase activation level in the parameter space $\left\{k_{on}^{mG},k_{on}^{tG},k_{on}^{mGAP}\right\}$, with the dashed red line the mean and the error bar the standard deviation. See Supplementary Table 1 for parameters. c The DoRA behavior improves and then becomes bad with the decreased mGTPase activation level when tuning one kinetic parameter in the Hill-function model. d Same plot as in B except that the Hill-functions kinetics is adopted. The parameter space also expands to include the $k_{on}^R$, because the $k_{on}^R$ affects the receptor activation level and thus the mGTPase activation level in the Hill-function model.